海上医疗队平时海上灾害医学救援的效果研究

目的通过分析海上医疗队（组）在海上展开灾害医疗救援的效果，探讨提高海上灾害医学援救能力。方法2003年1月～2009年12月期间，海上医疗队以10～15、50和120人的编组构成与展开流程的实践回顾，全组经海上医疗救护97批次，抢救伤病员1257例，对伤病员进行分类，现场急救、急救手术、海水浸泡伤的综合处理和快速后送。结果本组1257例伤病员中，存活1183例（94％），死亡74例（6％），其中伤后1h以内21例（28％），24h以内51例（69％）；死于创伤68例（92％），溺水3例（4％），中毒伤员3例（3％）。结论通过海上医疗队在平时海上灾害时医疗救援的展开实践，提高了海上灾害救援的快速反应能力、整体配合能力和救援水平，丰富了海上医疗队的救援经验。

Study of medical rescue for maritime disaster

Objective To explore the effect of maritime medical rescue conducted by the maritime medical team in order to improve the medical rescue capacity for maritime disasters. Methods The construction and developing practice of different maritime medical team （corps） constituted of 10, 15, 50 and 120 team members were reviewed. 1,257 people in 97 maritime disasters between January 2003 and December 2009 were rescued by the first-aid team. The patients were classified, conducted on-site first aid, emergency operation treatments, and transferred to the hospital nearby. Results In the 1 257 cases, 1 183 people （94%） were survived and 74 people （6%） died, with 21 patients died in one hour （28%） and 51 patients died 24 hours after injury （69%）, and 68 patients died from trauma （92%）, 3 patients died from drowning and 3 patients died from poisoning. Conclusion Practice of medical rescue on maritime medical team （corps） in maritime disasters enables us to improve our rapid reacting capability, cooperation as well as rescue quality, and gain great experience.