广藿香与土藿香的DNA序列分析及其分子鉴别

目前市场上藿香类商品药材有两种 ,一种为唇形科刺蕊草属 (Ｐｏｇｏｓｔｅｍｏｎ)植物广藿香Ｐｏｇｏｓｔｅｍｏｎｃａｂｌｉｎ (Ｂｌａｎｃｏ)Ｂｅｎｔｈ.的干燥地上部分 ,主产广东、海南 ,习称“广藿香”,均为栽培品 ,有芳香化浊、开胃止呕、发表解暑的功效 ,是中成药“藿香正气水”的主要原料。据我们分析广州市郊黄村产“石牌广藿香”药材茎枝挥发油成分 ,其中 71 %为广藿香酮(ｐｏｇｏｓｔｏｎｅ) 1 ] ;另一种来源于同科另一属 ,即藿香属(Ａｇａｓｔａｃｈｅ)植物藿香Ａｇａｓｔａｃｈｅｒｕｇｏｓａ (Ｆｉｓｃｈ.ｅｔＭｅｙ.)Ｏ .Ｋ…

DNA SEQUENCING AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PATCHOULI AND ITS SUBSTITUTE WRINKLED GIANTHYSSOP

AIM: To analyze sequences of the nuclear ribosomal RNA small subunit (18S rRNA) gene and the chloroplast matK gene of crude drug Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) in order to provide molecular evidence for identification of Patchouli drug. METHODS: To sequence the entire 18S rRNA gene and partial matK gene of Patchouli from Guangzhou and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop (Agastache rugosa) from Sichuan using PCR direct sequencing and to detect the homology of two gene sequences between these two crude drugs. RESULTS: The complete 18S rRNA gene sequence is 1,805 bp in length for Patchouli from Guangzhou whereas 1,794 bp for Wrinkled Gianthyssop from Sichuan. The 3'-end sequence of matK gene is 521 bp (747-1,268 nt from upstream of matK gene) for these two crude drugs. Based on multiple sequence alignment, it is found that there are 18 variable sites and 11 aligned gap sites in 18S rRNA sequence, 49 variable sites in 3'-matK sequence between these two crude drugs. The homology is 98.4% for 18S rRNA and 90.6% for 3'-matK between two crude drugs, respectively. CONCLUSION: DNA sequencing can provide an accurate and reliable tool in the crude drug identification of Patchouli and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop.