广州市15岁以上居民伤害流行特征及其社区卫生服务利用的状况

目的了解广州市社区居民伤害发生情况及其流行特征、卫生服务现状,为进一步开展社区伤害预防与控制工作提供科学依据。方法采用多级抽样方法,于2004年4～8月对广州市13个区（县级市）15岁以上的常住居民进行询问调查,了解其伤害发生及社区卫生服务利用状况。结果共调查25177人,伤害发生率为3.83%,标化率为3.85%,伤害类型前3位为跌伤（2.24%）、车辆伤（0.58%）和锐/钝器伤（0.48%）;男性伤害发生率高于女性,不同年龄段伤害发生率的差异有统计学意义;不同职业、婚姻状况、家庭人均年收入及住房面积伤害发生率的差异有统计学意义;伤害患者家庭距离最近医疗点的平均步行距离为500米,患病后选择就诊社区卫生服务机构的只占4.5%;69.8%的患者未到过社区卫生服务机构接受服务;86.9%的患者未接受过社区卫生服务机构人员上门服务;有87.2%患者表示患病后希望社区卫生服务机构人员给予服务。结论应加强社区伤害综合防治,创建安全社区,采取有针对性的防治措施,减少伤害的发生。

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of injury and the status quo of community health service among residents aged 15 and over in Guangzhou city

Objective To learn the epidemiological characteristics of injuries and status quo of community health service,and provide scientific evidence for injuries control and prevention.Methods A community-based survey on injury was carried out in 13 districts of Guangzhou from April to August,2004,using multistage sampling method.People aged 15 and over were investigated with questionnaire.Results The incidence rate of injuries from 25 177 residents was 3.83%,and age-adjusted rate was 3.85%.The top three types of injury were falls(2.24%),traffic accidents(0.58%)and stab/wound by pointless weapons(0.48%).The incidence rate of injury in male was higher than in female.There was a significant difference of the incidence rate in profession,marriage,income and living space.When they were sick,most of patients(87.2%)expressed needs of community health services and 4.5% patients went to community health service station.69.8% patients had never been in the community health service station,and 86.9% patients had not received community health services at home.Conclusions The incidence rate of injury is high.Although the residents are satisfied with the community health service availability,the utilization ratio is low.It is necessary to take comprehensive measures to prevent and control injury in community.Effective meatures should be taken to reduce the incidence of injuries based on characters of injury among residents.