中学校园暴力的流行病学调查及影响因素分析

目的通过流行病学调查，探讨中学校园暴力的发生情况及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法，以广州市某区中学生为调查对象，自行设计问卷对其一年来发生校园暴力的情况及相关因素进行调查，分析各类型的暴力发生率，并采用多因素logistic回归分析暴力发生的影响因素。结果调查了1064名中学生，校园暴力发生率为40．7％，其中男生发生率为49．7％，女生为29．6％，差异有统计学意义（x^2=43．75，P=0．000）；高中生暴力发生率低于初中生（x^2=25．25，P=0．000）。男生遭受总暴力、心理暴力、身体暴力和性暴力的发生率分别为39．3％、21．6％、17．0％、6．0％，女生为26．3％、14．1％、9．7％、3．2％；男生施暴他人的各暴力发生率分别为26．7％、13．3％、17．0％、3．6％，女生分别为8．6％、4．6％、5．7％、1．7％。吸烟、逃学、游荡、曾受家庭暴力、零用钱少是校园暴力的影响因素（OR=6．15、2．52、2．05、1．88、1．31）。结论广州市中学生校园暴力的发生率较高，应引起学校和社会的重视并采取有效措施。

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of influencing factors of campus violence in secondary schools

Objective To explore the incidence and influencing factors of campus violence in secondary schools by the epidemiological investigation. Methods Secondary students in certain districts of Guangzhou were selected to participate in the study and were interviewed with questionnaires by the cluster sample. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results In the past one year, the incidence rate of campus violence was 40.7 % in 1 064 secondary students, 49.7 % of the male and 29.6 % of the female, respectively, with statistical differences between that of males and females （x^2 = 43.75, P = 0. 000）. The incidence rate of campus violence of the junior and senior students had statistical differences （x^2 = 25.25, P = 0. 000）. For male students, who were victim of campus violence, the incidence rate of total campus violence, psychological violence, physical violence, sexual violence were 39.3%, 21.6%, 17.0%, 6.0%; for female students, it was 26.3%, 14.1%, 9.7%, 3.2%. Among male students, who were perpetrators of campus violence, the incidence rates were 26.7 %, 13.3 %, 17.0 % and 3.6 % , while the incidence rates for female student perpetrators were 8.6 % , 4.6 %, 5.7% and 1.7 %, respectively. Smoking, truancy, loafing, suffering from family violence, lack of pocket money were the influencing factors, OR were 6.15, 2.52, 2.05, 1.88, 1.31, respectively. Conclusions Violence among secondary school students in Guangzhou is serious, therefore, effective measure must be taken by schools and society.