胸腔镜检查在肺和胸膜疾病中的作用

用硬式冷光源胸腔镜在24例病因不明的肺和胸膜疾病患者作胸腔镜检查,总诊断率为83.3％(20/24).在经内窥镜直视活检的19例中,胸腔积液14例和胸部肿块5例的92.9％(13/14)和60％(3/5)得到病理确诊。在其余5例自发性气胸的诊断率为80％,其中1例经内窥镜用Nd-YAG激光治愈。术后有短暂发热15例,局限性皮下气肿6例。本法安全、可靠,对肺和胸膜疾病的诊断和治疗有较高实用价值。

THORACOSCOPY IN PULMONARY AND PLEURAL DISEASES

Thoraooscopy, using a rigid thoraeoscope (model THR-SL-A, Maohida Co.), was performed in 24 oases suffering from a variety of chest diseases undiagnosed by routine procedures, needle biopsy of the pleura and fiber-bronchoscopy. The overall diagnostic rate was 83.3%(20/24). Biopsy under direct vision during thoraoosoopy was taken in 19 cases, the diagnoses were confirmed pathologically in 92.9%(13/14) of cases with pleural effusion, and 60% (3/5) of oases with chest mass. In the remaining 5 cases with recurrent or persistant spontaneous pneumothorax, the diagnostic rate was 80%, and 1 of them was cured by Nd-YAG laser transendoscopically. Postoperative complications included transient fever in 16 cases and local subcutaneous emphysema in 6. It is concluded that thoraooscopy is safe, reliable and of high practical value in the diagnosis and treatment of cheet diseases.