蚌埠市大学生特质应对方式及相关因素研究

目的探讨蚌埠市大学生积极和消极应对方式与各种因素之间的关系,以便更好的提高大学生心理健康水平。方法按照分层整群抽样方法,随机抽取了蚌埠市3所大学1 009名大学生,由统一培训合格的调查员对大学生进行无记名方式的现场问卷调查。结果大学生特质应对方式积极应对（positive coping style,PC）平均得分为（28.85±7.62）分,消极应对（negative coping style,NC）平均得分为（21.37±5.85）分,应对倾向分为（7.68±8.64）分,PC分与常模之间差异有统计学意义（t=-4.18,P=0.025）;NC分与常模之间差异无统计学意义（t=0.44,P=0.635）。多元线性回归分析显示人际敏感因子,敌对因子、恐怖因子和社会支持总分对PC分有影响,差异均有统计学意义（均有P〈0.05）;SCL-90总分、躯体化因子、焦虑因子、恐怖因子、生活事件总应激量、受惩罚因子和丧失因子对NC分有影响,差异均有统计学意义（均有P〈0.05）。结论大学生的特质应对方式受心理健康、生活事件等多种因素影响,可以从不同方面来预防和控制问题的产生。

Study on the trait coping style and the related factors in the college students in Bengbu City

Objective To investigate the trait coping style and related factors in the college students in Bengbu,in order to improve the mental health of the college students. Methods 1 009 college students in three colleges were taken out randomly by stratified cluster sampling. All students must finish the questionnaire. The survey members were trained.Results The sum-average of the PC score was 28. 85 ± 7. 62,and the sum-average of the NC score was 21. 37 ± 5. 85.The coping tendency score was 7. 68 ± 8. 64. There was significant difference between NC score and the nation norm（ t =- 0. 18,P = 0. 192）. But there was no significant difference between PC score and the nation norm（ t = 0. 44,P =0. 635）. The multiple linear regression showed the interpersonal sensitivity factor,the hostility factor,the photic anxiety factor and the social support affected the PC score（ P〈0. 05）; the total score of SCL-90,the somatization factor,the anxiety factor,the photic anxiety factor,the total score of ASLEC,the punishment factor and the deprivation factor affected the NC score（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Mental health,life events and many factors affect the trait coping style of college students. We should prevent and control the mental-matters occurring from different aspects.