基于自我调节理论的干预对COPD患者自我管理行为和应对方式的影响

目的探讨基于自我调节理论的干预对COPD患者自我管理行为及应对方式的影响。方法采用方便抽样法,选取2019年1—6月在驻马店市中心医院住院的COPD患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组(n=45)和试验组(n=48)。对照组采取COPD患者常规护理和健康教育,试验组在常规护理的基础上采用基于自我调节理论制定的干预方案。采用COPD患者自我管理量表、简易应对方式量表评价干预效果。结果干预3个月后试验组患者症状管理(31.74±3.62)分、日常生活管理(46.17±5.48)分、情绪管理(39.55±4.49)分、信息管理(23.65±4.21)分、自我效能(30.00±4.37)分,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为5.829、3.613、3.208、3.002、2.762;P<0.01),干预后试验组患者积极应对方式(1.89±0.52)分,对照组(1.66±0.49)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.192,P<0.05)。结论基于自我调节理论构建的干预方案能够提高COPD患者的自我管理行为,促使患者采用积极的应对方式应对疾病。

Effects of intervention based on self-regulation theory on self-management behavior and coping styles in COPD patients

Objective To explore the effect of intervention based on self-regulation theory on self-management behavior and coping styles of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients.Methods From January to June 2019,convenience sampling was used to select COPD patients hospitalized in Zhumadian Central Hospital as the research object.Patients were randomly divided into control group(n=45)and experimental group(n=48).Control group conducted routine care and health education for COPD patients,and experimental group carried out an intervention program based on self-regulation theory on the basis of routine care.The intervention effect was evaluated with the Self-Management Scale for Chinese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and the Simple Coping Style Scale.Results After three months of intervention,the scores of symptom management,daily life management,emotion management,information management and self-efficacy of patients in experimental group were(31.74±3.62),(46.17±5.48),(39.55±4.49),(23.65±4.21),and(30.00±4.37)respectively,all higher than those in control group,the differencs were statistically significant(t=5.829,3.613,3.208,3.002,2.762;P<0.01).After intervention,the scores of positive coping styles of patients in experimental group and control group were(1.89±0.52)and(1.66±0.49)respectively with a statistical difference(t=2.192,P<0.05).Conclusions Intervention program based on self regulation theory can improve the self-management behavior of COPD patients,and encourage patients to adopt active coping styles to deal with the disease.