我国重要自然疫源地地理信息系统的建立

目的：建立我国重要自然疫源地地理信息系统。方法：系统地收集我国存在的各种自然疫源地及其相关因素的资料，整理分析后建立数据库。以地理信息系统软件MapInfo为平台，构建自然疫源地地理信息系统，将建立的数据库与中国电子地图相连接，并实现用户对信息管理、分析、操作、显示等方面的要求。结果：建立的我国重要自然疫源地地理信息系统具有地图管理、信息维护、检索查询、数据分析、专题地图、辅助决策等功能，汇集了我国22种重要自然疫源性疾病的疫源地类型、分布、发病情况、流行特征、防治对策、主要宿主媒介的分布以及与疫源地有关的地理、气象、土地利用和人口等方面的数据，可以按不同的地理范围，从地区、病种、宿主媒介分别查询和显示疫源地相关信息，将结果以文字、表格、图形(包括统计图和专题地图)不同方式显示出来，可对疫源地的分布、发病情况与相关的地理环境因素制作专题地图并进行叠加分析。结论：本系统的建立为我国自然疫源地的管理、研究和控制提供了一种新的技术手段。

Establishment of geographic information system of major natural foci in China

Objective: To establish a geographic information system (GIS) of major natural foci in China. Methods: The data associated with the natural foci and the risk factors in China were collected systematically, sorted and inputted into the databases. The software MapInfo was employed as the platform to develop the GIS of natural foci, which connected the databases established with the electronic map of China and met the user's requirements on data management, analysis, operation and display. Results: The geographic information system of natural foci established had the functions of map management, information maintenance, updating, retrieval and data analysis, thematic map creation, and decision support. It gathered the information of natural foci of 22 diseases of natural foci and related factors in China, which included the type, distribution, prevalence and control strategy of diseases of natural foci, spatial distribution of vectors and hosts, geographic features, type of soil and vegetation, meteorological factors, land use and population information in every natural focus. The system was operated through the menu command or clicking on the map directly. The data could be retrieved by the region, type of diseases, or the vectors and hosts, and displayed in texts, tables, charts or maps at three levels: province, political prefecture and county. The thematic maps for the spatial distribution, prevalence of the diseases and the risk factors could be made and overlapped to research their relationships. Conclusions: Establishment of geographic information system of natural foci provided a new technology for management, research and control of natural foci.