赤芝全基因组SSR位点的筛选及种质资源遗传多样性分析

目的:基于赤芝全基因组序列开发SSR标记,研究其种质资源遗传多样性,为赤芝种质资源品种鉴定和分子育种提供理论基础。方法:利用60对SSR引物,对26份不同来源的赤芝菌株进行扩增以筛选出具有多态性的位点;采用毛细管电泳对其进行基因分型,并分析菌株间的遗传多样性。结果:60对引物中,筛选出24个有多态性条带的SSR位点。共扩增出269个多态性条带,平均每个SSR位点增出11.20个多态性条带;检测出150个等位基因,平均检测出6.23种基因型;各引物的多态信息含量(PIC)为0.57～0.91,平均为0.81;遗传一致性和遗传距离变异范围分别为0.28～0.95和0.06～0.73;聚类分析结果分析可以很好的反映出各个菌株间的亲缘关系,在遗传距离系数0.17处可分为4大类,部分来自同一地区的菌株材料分散于各个分支,未体现明显地域性,说明菌株的遗传背景复杂,多态性高。结论:筛选出的24个赤芝SSR位点,可以用于赤芝菌株资源遗传多样性分析,为赤芝优良品种的引种及选育提供理论基础。

SSR Loci Selection Based on Ganoderma lucidum Genome and Genetic Diversity Analysis

To study genetic diversity of its germplasm resources and to provide theoretical bases for the resource variety identification and molecular breeding of G.lucidum.based on SSR markers of the whole genome of Ganoderma lucidum.Methods:A total of 26 G.lucidum strains from different regions were amplified to screen out polymorphic sites using 60 pairs of SSR primers.The genotyping was carried out by capillary electrophoresis and the genetic diversity among the strains was analyzed.Results:Among 60 primer pairs, 24 SSR loci with polymorphic bands were selected.A total of 269 polymorphic bands were amplified, with an average of 11.20 polymorphic bands per SSR locus; a total of 150 alleles (Ne) were detected with an average of 6.23 type of gens.The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the primers were ranged from 0.57 to 0.91, and the average was 0.81.Genetic identity and genetic distance variation range were 0.28-0.95 and 0.06-0.73, respectively.The results of cluster analysis can well reflect the genetic relationship between various strains and can be divided into 4 subgroups with genetic distance coefficient of 0.17.The strains materials from the same region were scattered in various branches, which did not show obvious regional characteristics, indicating that the genetic background of G.lucidum strains was complex and highly polymorphic.Conclusion:The 24 selected SSR loci can be used to analyze the genetic diversity of the G.lucidum strains, which provide the theoretical basis for the introduction and breeding of the best varieties of G.lucidum.