老年2型糖尿病肌少症患者的中医体质类型及其与并发症、生活习惯的关系研究

目的:调查老年2型糖尿病肌少症患者的中医体质分布情况,探讨其与合并慢病及生活习惯的关系。方法:采用中医体质量表对229名老年2型糖尿病肌少症患者进行中医体质辨识,同时调查其人口社会学特征、慢病合并情况及饮食、运动、睡眠等生活习惯。结果:229名患者中平和质22人(9.61%),偏颇体质207人(90.39%)。肌少症老年糖尿病患者中医体质类型排序为气郁质(占22.71%),阳虚质(22.27%),气虚质(13.97%),血瘀质(13.97%),平和质(9.61%),湿热质(9.17%),特禀质(4.80%),阴虚质(3.49%)。老年患者是否合并慢病与体质间存在统计学意义,P均0.05,如高血压中医体质类型以气郁质(32.84%)、阳虚质(20.90%)、气虚质(17.91%)为主;甲减以湿热质(25.00%)、血瘀质(22.73%)、气郁质(22.73%)为主;胃下垂以阳虚质(29.52%)、气郁质(27.62%)、气虚质(21.90%)为主;冠心病和心梗以血瘀质(30.61%)、气虚质(22.45%)为主;脑卒中以血瘀质(26.92%)、阳虚质(21.15%)、气虚质(19.23%)为主。偏颇体质的老年患者与平和质老年患者在摄食量、运动习惯、睡眠习惯方面存在差异,P均0.05。结论:老年2型糖尿病肌少症患者的体质类型与合并慢病及生活习惯有关,慢性病防治要兼顾其体质特征进行调养防护。

Relations between Constitution Types of Chinese Medicine and Comorbidity and Life Habits in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Sarcopenic

To investigate the distribution of TCM constitutions in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and sarcopenic, and to explore the relations between constitutions and chronic diseases and life habits.Methods:A total of 229 cases were enrolled in this study, using the method of TCM scale and the sociology of population characteristics, other combined chronic diseases, diet, exercise, sleep and other life style.Results:The number of gentleness type and biased constitution was 22 (9.61%) and 207 (90.39%). The sequences of constitutions were Qi-depression (22.71%), Yang-deficiency (22.27%), Qi-deficiency (13.97%), Blood-stasis (13.97%), gentleness type (9.61%), dampness-heat (9.17%), special diathesis type (4.80%), and phlegm-dampness (3.49%). There was a significant difference in constitutions between the elderly patients with chronic disease and without the same chronic disease (P<0.05). For example, TCM constitutions of hypertension was mainly manifested as Qi-depression (32.84%) , Yang-deficiency (20.90%), Qi-deficiency (17.91%); hypothyroidism was mainly manifested as dampness-heat (25.00%), blood-stasis (22.73%), Qi-depression (22.73%); ptosis of the stomach was mainly manifested as Yang-deficiency (29.52%), Qi-depression (27.62%), Qi-deficiency (21.90%); coronary heart disease and heart infarction was mainly manifested as with blood-stasis (30.61%), Qi-deficiency (22.45%); stroke was mainly manifested as blood-stasis (26.92%), Yang-deficiency (21.15%), Qi-deficiency (19.23%). There were differences in diet intake, exercise habits and sleeping habits between the elderly patients with biased constitution and the elderly patients with gentleness constitution (P<0.05).Conclusion:The constitution type of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and sarcopenic was related to chronic diseases and life habits. The prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should take care of the physical characteristics and the TCM constitutions.