不同种类食物中膳食纤维的测定

目的　分析不同种类食物中总膳食纤维、可溶性及不溶性膳食纤维的含量 ,完善我国食物成分中膳食纤维数据 ,为指导和干预慢性病人的饮食治疗提供科学依据。方法　根据 2 0 0 2年中国食物成分表中的食物分类方法 ,选择不同亚类中的植物性食物 ,使用FossTecator膳食纤维分析仪 ,采用酶 重量法分析其中总膳食纤维、可溶及不可溶膳食纤维含量。结果　干豆类食物的总膳食纤维含量最多 ,平均为 36 % ,其次是粗粮类和鲜豆类 ,分别是 16 %和 14 % ,而细粮 ,蔬菜类和水果类的总膳食纤维含量较低 ,小于 10 %。豆类食物中的可溶性膳食纤维明显高于其它种类食物 ;干豆类和粗粮类的不可溶性膳食纤维含量较高 ;鲜豆类、薯类、蔬菜类的SDF IDF明显高于干豆类和谷类食物。结论　酶重量法测定食物中膳食纤维其重现性较好 ,不同种类食物膳食纤维含量与组成差异较大 ,本研究结果可建议患有糖尿病、高血脂等慢性病的病人可增加可溶性膳食纤维含量较高的鲜豆类、薯类及蔬菜类食物的摄入 ;而患有肥胖症、便秘等肠道疾病的病人可增加不溶性膳食纤维含量高的干豆及粗粮类食物的摄入。

Determination of total,soluble and insoluble dietary fiber in foods

Objective To determinate the total, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber in different kinds of food so as to provide the references for guiding the diet for control and prevention of chronic diseases.Methods The contents of total, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber in 33 food samples were determined by enzymatic-gravimetric method.Results The average total dietary fiber(TDF,g/100g edible part) in dry beans, flesh beans and whole grains were 36%,14%,16% respectively, and that of refine grains,vegetables and fruits were lower than 10%.The contents of soluble dietary fiber in beans were highest, and the contents of insoluble dietary fiber in dry beans and other grains were higher. Conclusion The repeatability of the analysis method was good, the contents and pattern of dietary fiber in different kinds of food were largely varied.