小儿气管支气管异物180例

目的：分析小儿气管支气管异物的临床特点及治疗体会，提高气管支气管异物的诊治水平。方法回顾性分析180例小儿气管异物的临床资料。结果180例中，植物性异物173例、金属性异物2例、塑料性异物2例、其他3例；在表麻下Hopkin支气管镜经口取出异物176例，经气管切开后取出异物4例，经二次手术取尽异物15例，均未有严重并发症发生，术后3d复查胸透（片）均未见异物残留征象。结论异物吸入史、症状及体征，结合影像学检查可诊断气管支气管异物，表麻下气管异物取出是一种简易、有效的手术方式，症状严重者应考虑及时行气管切开。

Diagnosis and treatment of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in 180 cases

Objevtive To improve the diagnosis and treatment by analyzing the clinical characteristics of tracheobron-chial foreign bodies in children.Methods 180 cases of tracheobronchial foreign bodies, from January 2008 to Septem-ber 2013, were retrospectively analyzed.Results Foreign matter were plant in 173 cases, metal in 2 cases, plastic in 2 cases, and unclassified in 3 cases.The foreign bodies were successfully removed through the Hopkin bronchoscope in 176 patients under surface anesthesia and through the incision of tracheotomy in the other 4 patients.Second surgery to remove the foreign body were performed in 15 cases.No post-operative complications occured.No foreign body was found in X-ray examination 3 days later after the operation.Conclusion History of foreign body, clinical symptoms, and peri-operative X-ray examination are keys to diagnose foreign bodies in trachea.The surface anesthesia is a simple and effective way for the operation, however, intubation should be done in a timely manner for severe cases.