感染性腹泻患者弯曲菌感染的实验室检测及监测

目的了解我国腹泻患者弯曲菌的感染现状。方法采用体外分离培养以及特异核苷酸检测法对某医院腹泻患者粪便标本进行持续8个月的弯曲菌感染的监测。2013年4-11月持续收集北京某医院感染性腹泻门诊患者粪便标本278份,分别采用直接划线培养、增菌培养以及实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR)的方法检测感染性腹泻患者弯曲菌的感染现状。结果 278份感染性腹泻患者粪便标本使用分离培养和特异核苷酸检测共有16份标本为空肠弯曲菌阳性。其中直接划线培养分离到6株空肠弯曲菌,阳性率为2.2%(6/278),增菌培养分离到2株空肠弯曲菌,阳性率为0.7%(2/278);特异核苷酸检测获得14份阳性标本,阳性率为5.0%(14/278)。分离培养、real-time PCR方法检测感染性腹泻患者粪便标本中弯曲菌的阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=36.425,P=0.039)。结论本次检测结果表明感染性腹泻患者中弯曲菌的检出率显著低于国内最新报道7.1%。与直接分离培养相比,增菌培养法检测粪便中弯曲菌的灵敏度显著降低。real-time PCR法能够快速检测腹泻患者弯曲菌的感染情况,其灵敏度(14/16,87.5%)高于分离培养(6/16,37.5%)。

Laboratory detection and surveillance of Campylobacter jejuni infection

Objective To understand the status quo of Campylobacter jejuni infection in China. Methods Stool samples collected from diarrheal patients were used to conduct C. jejuni detection and surveillance for 8 months. Results A total of 278 stool samples were collected from a hospital in Beijing from April to November 2013, and 16 were C. jejuni positive by direct medium culture （6, 2. 2% ）, enrichment culture （2, 0. 7% ） and real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） （ 14, 5.0% ）. The differences in detection rates with different methods were statistical significant （χ2 = 36. 425, P = 0. 039）. Conclusion The detection rate of C. jejuni in this study was significantly lower than that in the latest report in China. Compared with real-time PCR, the sensitivity of the culture-based detection was low, but the isolates obtained from culture-based detection will benefit the further pathogenesis analysis.