Combined effects of brachial pulse pressure and sialic acid for risk of cardiovascular events during 40 years of follow-up in 37?843 individuals |
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| Authors: | Khalili Payam Sundström Johan Franklin Stanley S Jendle Johan Lundin Fredrik Jungner Ingmar Nilsson Peter M |
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| Institution: | aDepartment of Cardiology and Acute Internal Medicine, Central Hospital, Karlstad bFaculty of Health and Medicine, ?rebro University, ?rebro cDepartment of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden dDepartment of Medicine, Medical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA eStatistical Unit, V?rmland County Council, Karlstad fDepartment of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiological Unit, Karolinska Institute and CALAB Research, Stockholm gDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, University Hospital, Malm?, Sweden. |
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| Abstract: | OBJECTIVE:: Pulse pressure (PP) is a risk marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals 50 years and older. Inflammation is suggested to influence atherosclerosis, but could also increase PP. We aimed to examine the combined effects of PP and the inflammatory marker sialic acid, and their independent roles on CVD risk. METHODS:: From a population-based study in Sweden between 1962 and 1965, 18?429 men and 19?414 women at the age of 50 or older were selected and followed for first CVD event until 2005. We investigated the biological interactions between sialic acid and PP. The associations of PP and sialic acid with risk of CVD were calculated by using Cox proportional hazards model. Adjustments were made for conventional risk factors, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and socioeconomic status. RESULTS:: The mean age was 59.5 (SD 6.5) years and the number of incident CVD events in men and women were 3641 and 3227, respectively. No biological interaction was seen between PP and sialic acid. In men, the adjusted hazard ratio for PP was 0.92 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.96, P?
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