新疆地区450例急性白血病的免疫分型研究

 目的　研究新疆地区急性白血病（AL）患者免疫表型分布特点。方法　采用间接免疫荧光法对450例AL患者进行免疫表型分析。结果　106例急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL），334例急性髓系白血病（AML），10例为FAB不能分类的急性白血病（UAL）；ALL中髓系抗原的表达15 %，AML中淋系抗原的表达25 %，表达最频繁的是CD7；研究了295例AL患者MPO mRNA基因表达，81例ALL中有1例表达MPO基因；所有髓系均不同程度地表达MPO基因，9例UAL有6例表达MPO基因；ALL免疫分型特点在汉族和维吾尔族（简称维族）中差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），在AML中，汉族髓系抗原的表达率依次为CD33＞CD13＞CD15，维族髓系抗原的表达率依次为CD15＞CD33＞CD14。结论　免疫表型的检测对AL更精确地诊断和分型有重要意义。联合分析AL形态学、细胞化学、免疫学及MPO mRNA表达等特点，对于AL的诊断和指导治疗均有重要意义。

Immunologic classification of 450 cases of acute leukemia in populations in Xinjiang of China

Objective To investigate the immunologic classification in the patients with acute leukemia (AL) in Xinjiang of China. Methods A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MOAb) and indirect immunofluorescence assay by fluoromicroscope was used to determine the pretherapy immunophenotype of 450 AL. Results 106 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 334 cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and 10 cases belonged to FAB unclassified acute leukemia (UAL) were unalysed. The expression of myeloid antigens in of ALL was seen in 15 % of 106 cases, and lymphoid-associated antigens were expressed in 25 % of 334 AML cases. The most frequently expressed antigen was CD7. The expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene in 295 cases of AL were studied. The expression of MPO gene was observed in positive one of 81 ALL cases, and myeloid cells had different expression for MPO gene. Of the 9 cases of UAL, 6 cases were positive for MPO gene. There were no statistic differences of the expressions of the ALL stages between Han and Wei nationality. The order of myeloid markers expression in AML was as follows: CD_(33)>CD_(13)>CD_(15) inthe Han nationality, and the order of myeloid markers expression in AML was displayed CD(15)>CD(33)>CD_(14) in Wei nationality. Conclusion Analysis of immunophenotype assured accurate lineage diagnosis of AL. Combinatively analyzing the characteristics of AL on morphology, cytochemistry, immunology and MPO mRNA expressions were significant to the diagnosis and therapy of AL.