Disruption of tolerance to the ataxic effect of ethanol by an extraneous stimulus |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Plant Virology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1-banchi, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan;2. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;3. Division of Citrus Research, Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), 485-6 Okitsu Nakacho, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424-0292, Japan;1. Susan B. Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;2. Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;3. Michigan Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network, Ann Arbor, Michigan;4. Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;5. Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;6. University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan |
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| Abstract: | According to a conditioning analysis, pharmacological conditional responses (CRs) contribute to tolerance. We previously reported (24) that, as expected on the basis of this model, tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol is attenuated by “external inhibition,” for instance, by presentation of a novel stimulus (a strobe). However, results of more recent research (2,12,13) indicate that novel stimuli augment the hypothermic effect of ethanol in rats receiving the drug for the first time. It is possible, therefore, that a novel stimulus apparently attenuates ethanol tolerance because it augments ethanol-hypothermia, rather than because it functions as an external inhibitor. Two experiments were designed to evaluate external inhibition of tolerance to another effect of ethanol—ataxia. Although the initial ataxic effect of the drug (unlike the hypothermic effect) is not enhanced by a novel stimulus, the stimulus reinstated ethanol-induced ataxia in tolerant rats. The results demonstrate external inhibition of ethanol tolerance in a preparation not confounded by the effects of the novel stimulus on initial responding to ethanol. |
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