四川省社区吸毒、社区美沙酮维持治疗、强制戒毒吸毒成瘾者生活质量比较

目的比较社区美沙酮维持治疗、社区吸毒以及强制戒毒状态下,吸毒成瘾者生活质量。方法使用阿片类药物成瘾者生活质量量表,采用调查对象自填问卷的形式,调查吸毒成瘾者的生活质量。应用多重线性回归分析(前进法,α=0.05水平)比较三种状态下吸毒成瘾者的生活质量。结果在四川省西昌市和乐山市美沙酮门诊、社区和强制戒毒所分别调查吸毒成瘾者211、143和171人,三组调查对象生活质量差别均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者的生活质量最高,强制戒毒所戒毒人员次之,社区吸毒者的生活质量最低。对生活质量各维度比较的结果显示,美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者在心理状况、家庭关系与社会支持、日常生活与经济状况、生活满意度四个方面优于强制戒毒所戒毒人员。此外,美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者和强制戒毒所戒毒人员在生活质量的各构成维度上,均优于社区吸毒者。结论社区美沙酮维持治疗和强制戒毒对于改善吸毒成瘾者的生活质量都有积极的作用,其中前者的效果更为明显。建议加快推进社区美沙酮维持治疗工作。

Comparison of quality of life for drug addicts in methadone maintenance treatment clinics, community and compulsory detoxification institutions in Sichuan Province

Objective The purpose of this study is to compare quality of life for drug addicts in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clinics,communities,and compulsory detoxification institutions(CDI).Methods Drug addicts were surveyed by self-administrated quality of life instrument for drug addicts. Linear regression was used to compare quality of life scores for drug addicts in three groups.Results 211,143 and 171 participants were recruited from methadone clinics,communities and compulsory detoxification institutions respectively in Sichuan Province. The differences of quality of life scores in three groups are statistical significantly. Outpatients in MMT clinics have highest quality of life scores,while drug addicts in communities have lowest scores. In addition,the results indicates drug addicts in MMT have better mental health,family relationships & social support,living condition,and satisfaction with life than those in CDI,and clients in MMT and CDI have high scores than those in community in the six dimensions of quality of life.Conclusion Methadone maintenance treatment and compulsory detoxification might be benefit to quality of life for drug addicts,and MMT contribute to it much more. It suggested MMT should be promoted in China quickly.