十堰市2011年手足口病流行病学特征分析

目的了解2011年湖北省十堰市手足口病的流行特征,为制订科学合理的防控措施提供依据。方法对2011年网络直报系统归属本市的232例手足口病病例进行流行病学分析。结果十堰市2011年共报告手足口病病例232例,发病率6.95/10万,其中重症病例10例(4.31%),无死亡病例;发病有明显的季节性,疫情从3月开始上升,5月达到高峰,7月疫情逐渐下降,病例主要集中在4～8月,共报告191例,占全年报告总数的82.33%;发病人数男性147例、女性85例,男女之比为1.73∶1。发病对象主要为<5岁儿童,占发病总数的92.24%。EV71和CoxA16是手足口病的主要病原体,实验室确诊病例中EV71阳性占36.21%、CoxA16阳性占15.52%,其中EV71为优势毒株。结论十堰市手足口病防控形势严峻,手足口病的发生有明显的年龄和季节差异,今后的防控重点应该放在<5岁年龄组儿童。

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Shiyan in 2011

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD) in Shiyan in 2011,and provide scientific and rational basis for formulating control measures.Method Do epidemiological analysis on the 232 cases of HFMD reported by network report system in 2011.Results 232 cases of HFMD were reported in Shiyan in 2011,with the incidence rate of 6.95/100 000,including 10 severe cases(4.31%) and no death case.The disease had obvious seasonality.The epidemics began to increase from March,reached the peak in May and decreased from July.The disease was prevalent during April and August,and 191 cases were reported,accounting for 82.33%.Male patients were more than female onts,ones including 147 male patients and 85 female patients,and the sex ratio was 1.73∶ 1.Children under 5 years old were the main patients,accounting for 92.24%.EV71 and CoxA16 were the main pathogens of HFMD.Among the confirmed cases,36.21% was EV71 positive and 15.52% was CoxA16 positive.The EV17 was the dominant strain.Conclusions The prevention and control of HFMD in Shiyan was serious,and the occurrence of HFMD had obvious age and seasonal difference.We should pay attention to children under 5 years old in the future control work.