饮茶型氟中毒病区居民健康教育干预的研究

目的了解饮茶型氟中毒病区居民在健康教育干预前后对饮茶型氟中毒防治知识的知晓情况,为制订防治措施提供科学依据。方法在饮茶型氟中毒病区对人群饮茶型氟中毒防治知识知晓情况进行调查,了解不同人群防治知识知晓情况的差异,并采取多种形式对居民进行饮茶型氟中毒健康教育,1年后对该人群饮茶型氟中毒防治知识知晓情况进行2次调查。结果基线调查病区人群的总体及格率为12.12%,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、经济收入人群的知晓情况均有显著性差异(P<0.05),不同民族、职业人群的知晓情况差异性不明显(P>0.05);经过1年健康教育的干预,人群饮茶型氟中毒防治知识知晓率提高至92.3%,与干预前比较在统计学上有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论在病区居民尤其是男性、年龄大、文化程度低、低收入者,开展有针对性的教育十分迫切,且通过饮茶型氟中毒防治知识的健康教育,知晓率显著提高,健康教育是病区预防饮茶型氟中毒有效措施。

Research on health education intervention among residents in endemic area of drinking tea fluorosis

Objective To understand the awareness condition of control knowledge on drinking tea fluorosis before and after health education intervention in endemic area,and provide scientific basis for formulating control measure.Method Investigate the awareness condition of control knowledge on drinking tea fluorosis in fluorine endemic area,and understand the differences of awareness condition among different groups,and do various health educations to residents.Do secondary survey on the awareness condition for the same people after one year.Results The qualified rate of baseline survey was 12.1%,and there was significant difference among people of different gender,age,education level and income(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference among people with different nationality and profession(P>0.05).After one year of health education intervention,the awareness rate increased to 92.3%,which had significant difference compared with that before intervention(P<0.05).Conclusions It was urgent to develop health education among people in endemic area,especially men,the elder and people with low education and income.Through health education of control knowledge,people's awareness rate increased obviously,thus health education was an effective method in preventing drinking tea fluorosis.