安徽贝母属植物的叶表皮形态研究

目的：为安徽省贝母属植物的系统分类提供叶表皮形态依据。方法：利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜。结果：除铜陵黄花贝母的下表皮细胞类似平行四边形外,其他种叶表皮细胞表面观均为长方形或长条形,垂周壁平直、浅波状、波状或深波状。气孔器为Allium型,仅分布于下表皮,椭圆形,单个随机分布,部分种保卫细胞两极有T形加厚,除祁门贝母的气孔器内腔不明显外,其他种均具有明显的内腔,气孔器外拱盖内缘波状、浅波状或近平滑。角质层纹饰鳞片状、片状、颗粒状或突起呈疣状,其中皖江贝母角质层具条状隆起。表皮细胞的垂周壁呈凸缘状或凹陷沟状,部分种的平周壁凹陷或凸起。结论：叶表皮细胞的垂周壁式样、气孔器外缘、角质层、叶表皮细胞壁等叶表皮特征在种间均有一定的差异,可以为贝母属植物的生药鉴定、属内种间的划分和系统演化关系的探讨提供实验依据。

Morphology of leaf epidermis of Fritillaria in Anhui province

Objective: To provided experimental evidences for the systematic taxonomy of Fritillaria in Anhui province. Method: Light microscophy and scanning electron microscophy were applied in the research. Result: The leaf epidermal cells were tectangle except the F. monantha var. tonglingensis, whose cells of the lower epidermis were parallelogram, the patterns of anticlinal walls were straight, sinuolate, undulance or deep undulance. The stomatal apparatus were founded in lower epidermis, oblong, the distribution of stomatal apparatus was random and single. Besides F. qimenensis, the other species all had stomatal inner cavity obviously, inner margin of outer stomatal ledge was smooth, sinulate or sinuous. The cuticular of the leaf epidermis was scaly, patchable, granular or warted, strip apophysis also existed in F. wanjiangensis. The anticlinal wall of the leaf epidermis cell flanged or sunken as channel, the outer walls of some speices were sunken or protuberant. Conclusion: Some characters of the leaf epidermis, such as shape of surface cells or pattern of anticlinal, inner margin of outer stomatal rim size, cuticular membrance and the cell wall show more or less difference among the species. Those characters provide experimental evidences for the division of species and systematic evolution relationships of Fritillaria.