戒烟药物研究进展

烟草危害人类健康,戒烟已经迫在眉睫。国际公认的戒烟药物有7种,包括5种尼古丁替代制剂、安非他酮缓释剂和伐尼克兰。尼古丁替代疗法是用纯净医用尼古丁代替烟雾中吸入的尼古丁;安非他酮缓释剂是种氨基酮类抗抑郁剂。通过增加中枢NE、5-HT及DA含量,两者都可减少戒断症状。伐尼克兰是种选择性烟碱受体部分激动剂,可竞争性的与α4β2尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体结合但部分激活受体,引起减半的受体应答效应,从而起到降低吸烟渴求和减少戒断症状的发生。对目前的戒烟药物现状作一综述。

Progress in Smoking Cessation Drugs

Tobacco Smoking hazards to people＇s health, it＇s the time to encourage people to quit smoking. There are seven kinds of drugs which are used to quit smoking, including five nicotine replacement agents, Bupropion SR and varenicline. Nicotine replacement therapy is to use pure medical nicotine to replace nicotine in smoking, Bupropion SR is amino-ketone thymoleptics, both can treat nicotine dependence; Varenicline is a partial agonist selective for et4132 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. Varenicline binds with high ＇~nity and selective at 0t4132 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, blocks the ability of nicotine to activate ~132 nicotinic receptors and thus blocks the nervous transmission underlying reinforcement and reward experienced upon smoking, then reduces the craving for smoking and occurrence of nicotine withdrawal symptoms.