中国11省市成年人吸烟和被动吸烟情况调查

目的了解中国成年人群的吸烟和被动吸烟流行水平,为有针对性的制定控烟措施提供基础资料。方法于2005—2007年采用多阶段整群抽样在全国11个省市城区和农村分层抽取符合条件的成年人群作为本次研究的受试对象。分析指标包括总吸烟率、现在吸烟率、开始吸烟年龄、吸烟者平均每日吸烟量、戒烟率和被动吸烟率。结果在44773名受试者中,人群的总吸烟率为27.3%,现在吸烟率为22.3%。男性的总吸烟率为59.7%,女性为3.8%。男性50～55岁组和45～50岁组总吸烟率最高(分别为65.7%,65.6%),女性年龄越大,总吸烟率越高。人群戒烟率仅为17.9%。过去1年中,不吸烟的受试者中39.4%处于被动吸烟状态,其中9949人(30.9%)每天至少1次处于被动吸烟状态。女性被动吸烟者率(43.6%)高于男性(24.0%)。城区受试者的总吸烟率为25.1%,被动吸烟率为37.2%,均低于农村(分别为29.4%,41.7%)。结论吸烟率与2002年调查数据相比变化不大,被动吸烟水平有明显下降,但人群戒烟率仍然不高。我国的人群吸烟状态和被动吸烟状态仍处于高水平,烟草控制面临巨大挑战。

Survey of Smoking and Passive Smoking Status among Chinese Adults in 11 Provinces

Objective To investigate the prevalence of smoking and passive smoking among Chinese adults. Methods Multi- stage cluster sampling was used to obtain eligible subjects in both urban and rural communities in 2005-2007. Indicators included general smoking rate, current smoking rate, quitting rate, passive smoking rate, start-smoking age, average number of cigarette smoked, etc. Results The general smoking rate was 27.3%, 59.7% for male and 3.8% for female, and the current smoking rate was 22.3% among 44 773 subjects. The general smoking rate was highest among males aged 50-55 years old （65.7%） and 45-50 years old （65.6%）. The elder among female subjects, the higher the general smoking rate. The quitting smoking rate was 17.9%. In the past year, 39.4% of non-smokers were exposed to passive smoking and 30.9% of non-smokers were in passive smoking at least once every day. The passive smoking rate of female （43.6%） was significantly higher than that of male （24.0%）. The general smoking rate and passive smoking rate were higher among subjects dwelled in urban communities （25.1% and 37.2%） than those in rural communities （29.4% and 41.7%）. Conclusion Compared with survey data in 2002, the general smoking rate and the quitting smoking rate didn＇t change a lot and the passive smoking rate became lower significantly. The smoking status and passive smoking status were still severe. The tobacco control in China was facing the great change.