上海市黄浦区社区人群脑卒中知识态度行为现况调查

目的了解上海市黄埔区社区人群对脑卒中的知识、态度和行为的现状,探索需要干预的人群特点,为开展社区脑卒中健康教育和健康促进提供科学依据。方法 2008年12月至2009年2月对上海市黄埔区社区居民2040人进行问卷调查,了解社区人群脑卒中的知识、态度、行为(KAP)现状,采用单因素和多重线性回归分析探索脑卒中KAP的影响因素;采用相关分析探讨干预人群知识、信念、行为之间的相互关系。结果影响脑卒中知识得分的因素是文化程度(P0.01)、年龄(P0.001)以及是否患有相关疾病(P0.001);影响态度得分的因素是知识得分、文化程度以及是否患有相关疾病(P0.001);影响行为得分的因素是知识得分、态度得分、文化程度、年龄以及是否患有相关疾病(P0.001)。相关分析提示,知识和行为得分高度正相关(Pearson相关系数=0.81,P0.001)。态度与知识得分、态度与行为得分呈中度正相关(Pearson相关系数均为0.40,P0.001)。结论文化程度低、年龄55岁以下、不患有脑卒中相关疾病、脑卒中相关知识得分低的人群是脑卒中一级预防需要重点干预的对象。脑卒中知识知晓情况对预防的态度和行为有重要影响。开展社区脑卒中健康教育和健康促进十分必要。

A Community-based Survey on Stroke-associated Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior in Huangpu District of Shanghai

Objective To investigate current stroke-associated knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） of community-based population in Huangpu District of Shanghai, providing preliminary information for community-based stroke education programs. Methods One-on-one interview with questionnaire was carried out in 2 040 community-based residents of Community Bansongyuan and Community Nanjing East Road from Dec, 2008 to Feb, 2009. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to determine factors associated with KAP. Correlation Analysis was used to study interactions between KAP. Results In univariate analysis and multivariable analysis, score of knowledge was associated with educational level （P〈0.01）, age （P〈0.001） and stroke-related disease history （P〈0.001）; score of belief was associated with score of knowledge （P〈0.001）, educational level （P〈0.001） and stroke-related disease history （P〈0.001）; score of behavior was associated with score of knowledge （P〈0.001）, score of belief （P〈0.001）, educational level （P〈0.001）, age （P〈0.001） and stroke-related disease history （P〈0.001）. In correlation analysis, score of knowledge was positively correlated with score of practice （pearson＇s correlation coefficient： 0.8t, P〈0.001）. Score of belief was moderately correlated with score of knowledge and score of practice （both pearson＇s correlation coefficient 0.40, P〈0.001）. Conclusion Community-based population with low score of knowledge and educational level, younger than fifty-five years old, without stroke-related disease history, wrong conception of health education and medical staff is of priority need for intervention.