北京市城乡结合部中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及聚集情况分析

目的分析北京市城乡结合部中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集情况。方法 2007年采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法对16371名35～74岁北京市城乡结合部居民进行横断面调查,通过问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查收集资料进行分析。结果北京市城乡结合部中老年人超重或肥胖、糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常和吸烟等主要心血管疾病危险因素的患病率分别为36.2%,6.5%,36.9%,35.4%和36.3%。83.0%,47.2%和17.5%的中老年人分别具有≥1、≥2和≥3种心血管疾病危险因素聚集。男性≥1、≥2和≥3种心血管疾病危险因素聚集危险分别是女性的3.4、4.3和5.4倍。结论北京城乡结合部中老年人群主要心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集暴露率较高,有必要采取禁烟、健康饮食和增加体力活动等人群干预措施。

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and its Clustering among Middle-aged and Old Suburban People in Rural-urban Fringes of Beijing

Objective To estimate the up-to-date risk factors and its clustering of cardiovascular disease among middleaged and old suburban population in rural-urban fringes of Beijing. Methods With a three-stage stratified sampling method, 16 337 suburban people aged 35-74 years in rural-urban fringes of Beijing were selected in a cross-sectional survey in 2007. Data was collected by questionnaires, physical examination and laboratory detection. Results The age-standardized prevalence of investigated risk factors for major cardiovascular disease was 36.2% for overweight/obesity, 6.5% for diabetes, 36.9% for hypertension, 35.4% for dyslipidemia, and 36.3% for current smoking, respectively. Overall, 83.5%, 47.2% and 17.5% of participants in the study had 1〉 1, t〉2, and t〉3 major cardiovascular risk factors. Compared with women, the adjusted odds ratio of ≥ 1, ≥2, and ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors for men was 3.4, 4.3, and 5.4, respectively, so did older age groups than younger age groups. Conclusion High prevalence and clustering of major cardiovascular risk factors are commonly present in middle-aged and old suburban people in Beijing. More effective population-based interventions, such as smoking cessation, healthy diet, increased physical activity are required to reduce the prevalence and clustering of these cardiovascular risk factors.