红细胞变形性及其对微循环的影响

人体组织、细胞只有在正常微循环血流灌注条件下,才能发挥正常的生理功能,维持人体的生命活动,红细胞变形性是保证微循环灌流的重要条件,微循环毛细血管直径很小,红细胞在全身血液循环运行时,要多次经过这些口径比它小的毛细血管和血窦孔隙,必须经过变形才能保证微循环的正常灌流,变形性较低的红细胞在通过某一条微血管时会发生堵塞,导致局部的血流停滞,出现微血管扩大、瘀血,最终组织缺血、缺氧。体内外各种影响红细胞变形性的因素均会影响微循环的灌注。细胞变形性降低还会导致全血黏度,加大血流阻力,阻碍血液循环,对代谢活跃的器官(心、脑、肺)影响更加明显。研究红细胞的变形对微循环的影响,对揭示某些心脑血管疾病的发生、发展具有重要意义和临床价值。

The Erythrocyte Deformability and Influence on Microcirculation

The human tissues and cells play a normal physiological function under the normal microcirculation perfusion.Erythrocyte deformability is an important condition to guarantee the microcirculation perfusion.The capillary diameter is very small in the microcirculation,when the erythrocyte running in the general blood circulation,they must through the capillary pores and sinusoids which diameters are smaller than theirs,deformation could ensure the normal microcirculation perfusion.Lower deformation lead to the obstruction,local blood staffs,microvascular expansion,bleed clot and ischemia,hypoxia ultimately.Many factors relevant to erythrocyte deformability could affect the microcirculation perfusion in vitro and in vivo.Lower deformation of the cells would lead to blood viscosity and blood flow resistance to increase,blood circulation blocking.There was more obvious impact on the active metabolism organs(heart,brain and hungs).The erythrocyte deformability study on the impact of microcirculation has great significance and clinical value in the reveal process of occurrence and development of heart and brain disease.