乌鲁木齐市流动育龄妇女生殖道感染患病状况及影响因素分析

目的:了解乌鲁木齐市流动育龄妇女生殖道感染患病现状及相关影响因素,为今后的生殖道感染防治提供参考依据。方法:2010年10月~2013年3月采取分层-整群-随机抽样的方法,在乌鲁木齐市6区1县流动人口较集中的社区,对18~50岁的流动育龄妇女进行生殖道感染问卷调查、妇科检查与实验室检查。结果:共检查106 568名符合条件的流动妇女,其中细菌性阴道病的患病率为16.15%;滴虫性阴道炎的患病率为12.66%;念珠菌性阴道炎的患病率为4.52%;宫颈炎的患病率为11.79%。多因素logistic回归分析显示民族、学历、职业、月收入、婚姻状况、避孕方法使用对阴道炎、宫颈炎的患病率有影响。大专和本科及以上的对象患病风险较低,农民的患病风险较高,月收入1500~1599元者患病风险较高。与使用避孕套的对象相比,未避孕和使用宫内节育器避孕的对象,其阴道炎患病风险均有所增加,OR值分别为1.19(95%CI:1.09~1.30)、1.93(95%CI:1.81~2.07),但使用避孕套的对象患宫颈炎的风险较高。结论:应根据不同民族的特点采取防治措施,降低流动育龄妇女的阴道炎和宫颈炎患病率,特别是对文化程度为文盲或小学、职业为农民、月收入在1500~1599元的对象,应加大干预力度。

The prevalence rate and influencing factors of reproductive tract infection among floating women of childbearing age in Urumchi

Objective： To explore the prevalence of reproductive tract infection （RTI） and influencing factors of floating women of childbearing age in Urumchi. Methods： Stratified cluster sampling was used to recruit qualified subjects aged from 18 to 50 years in communities of six districts and one county during Oct., 2010 to Mar., 2013. A questionnaire survey, physical and laboratory examination were conducted by trained doctors. Results： A total of 106 568 female migrants were enrolled in this study. The prevalence rates of bacterial vaginitis （BV）, trichomonas vaginitis, vaginal candidiasis （VVC） were 16.15%, 12.66%, 4.52%, respectively, and the prevalence of cervicitis was 11.79%. Multi-logistic regression results showed that race, educational level, occupation, income, marital status and contraceptive method use were risk factors of vaginitis and eervicitis. Women with college and bachelor degree or above had lower risks, but peasants or those earning 1500 to 1599 Yuan per month had higher risks of infection. Compared with women who used condom, those who didn＇t use contraceptive method or use intrauterine device had higher risks of vaginitis, the OR values were 1.19 （95% CI： 1.09-1.30）, 1.93 （95%CI： 1.81-2.07）, but the risk of cervicitis among women using condom was higher than those of other women. Conclusion： Some preventive strategies should be conducted according to the differences among races （such as Han had a little bit higher RTI）, especially for those women with lower educational level, peasant, or those with 1500 to 1599 Yuan of monthly income, more interventions should be promoted in the future.