心理疾病患者自我污名对自尊和社会支持的影响

目的 探究心理疾病患者的自我污名对自尊水平和社会支持的影响.方法 将心理疾病内化污名量表（ISMI）,自尊量表（SES）,领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）编制成一张问卷,选取济南、天津、哈尔滨3个医院共109名心理疾病患者进行问卷调查,所得数据运用spss18.0进行分析.结果 分别用总体自我污名和自我污名的五个维度为自变量对自尊水平做回归,建立方程Y=4.585-0.722x（F=59.508,P＜0.001）和y=4.470-0.388x1＋0.813x2-0.198x3-0.064x4-0.192x5（F=16.609,P＜0.001）,发现自我污名对自尊水平有负面影响,其中自我疏离因子的显著性意义最强,其次是社交回避和无能感知,逃避现实和歧视体验对自尊的影响不显著;分别用总体自我污名和自我污名的五个维度为自变量对社会支持做回归,建立方程Y=3.710-0.354x（F=9.116,P＜0.01）和Y=3.474-0.391x1 ＋0.301x2＋0.047x3＋0.102x4-0.301x5 （F=5.695,P＜0.001）,发现自我污名对社会支持有负面影响,其中自我疏离因子显著性意义最强,其次是社交回避、歧视体验,而逃避现实和无能感知对社会支持的影响不显著.结论 心理疾病患者自我污名对自尊和社会支持有一定的负面影响.

The effect of self-stigma on self-esteem and social support in mental illness

Objective To explore how the self-stigma of mental illness influence self-esteem and social support.Methods 109 mental illness from Jinan,Tianjin and Harbin were asked to finish a questionnaire integrated from the ISMI,SES,PSSS,and the data were calculated by SPSS18.0.Results According to the regression of self-stigma and its five attributes on the self-esteem,self-stigma was negative correlated with self-esteem,with self-alienated was the most significant attribute,the next being the public relations avoidance and the incompetent sensation,while the flight from reality and the discrimination experience were not remarkable attributes （Y =4.585-0.722x（F=59.508,P＜0.001） and Y =4.470-0.388x1 ＋0.813x2-0.198x3-0.064x4-0.192x5 （F=16.609,P＜ 0.001））.According to the regression of self-stigma and its five attributes on social support,self-stigma was negatively correlated with social support,self-alienated was the most remarkable attribute,and the next were the public relations avoidance and the discrimination experience,while the flight from reality and the incompetent sensation were not remarkable to the social support.（Y =3.710-0.354x（F=9.116,P＜0.01） ; Y =3.474-0.391x1 ＋0.102x2＋ 0.301x3＋0.047x4-0.301x5 （F=5.695,P＜0.001））.Conclusion The self-stigma of mental illness has negative influence on the self-esteem and social support.