高创伤经历的男性犯罪青少年心理韧性与人格、家庭环境的相关研究

目的 探究高创伤经历的男性犯罪青少年心理韧性的特点以及与人格、家庭环境的关系.方法 采用自编创伤经历调查表筛选出高创伤经历的男性犯罪青少年147人,用心理韧性量表、艾森克人格问卷、家庭环境量表进行问卷调查,采用Pearson相关分析、逐步回归分析对数据进行统计分析.结果 高创伤经历的男性犯罪青少年心理韧性总分为（75.98± 14.03）分,除了目标专注（3.47±4.23）分]以外,情绪控制（1.94±2.85）分]、积极认知（2.31±3.47）分]、家庭支持（1.89±3.84）分]、人际协助（2.92±3.38）分]得分均在3分以下,其目标专注、积极认知和家庭支持维度在文化程度、家庭住地、是否独生子女、是否单亲家庭方面差异有统计学意义.高创伤经历的男性犯罪青少年心理韧性各维度与人格（r=-0.357 ～0.175）、家庭环境（-0.185～ 0.272）各维度存在相关关系（P＜0.05）,神经质、家庭矛盾性、精神质对心理韧性有负向预测作用（β=-2.354,-0.135,-0.194,P＜0.05）,家庭亲密度对心理韧性有正向预测作用（β=1.389,P＜0.001）.结论 高创伤经历的男性犯罪青少年心理韧性较差,人格、家庭环境对其心理韧性有显著影响.

The relation research on resilience,personality and family environment of male juvenile delinquents with high traumatic experiences

Objective To explore the resilience traits of male juvenile delinquents with high traumatic experiences and the relationship on resilience and personality,family environment.Methods 147 male juvenile delinquents selected by self-made traumatic experience questionnaire were surveyed with the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Family Environment Scale.The data were statistically analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise Regression Analysis.Results The total scores of resilience in male juvenile delinquents with high trauma experiences were （75.98 ± 14.03）.Besides the scores of goal planning （3.47±4.23）,the scores of affect control（1.94±2.85）,positive thinking（2.31±3.47）,family support（1.89±3.84）and help seeking （2.92±3.38）were all below 3.Differences of goal planning,positive thinking,family support had been found in male juvenile delinquents with high trauma experiences on the factors including educational level,rural or urban family,whether only-child family,whether single-parent family.The delinquents＇ resilience was correlated with their personality（r=-0.357-0.175） and family environment （r=-0.185-0.272） in several dimensions （P 〈0.05）.Neuroticism,family conflict and psychoticism predicted resilience negatively （β=-2.354,-0.135,-0.194,P〈0.05）.Family cohesion predicted resilience positively（β=1.389,P〈0.001）.Conclusion The resilience of male juvenile delinquents with high traumatic experiences is poor and personality,and family environment has significant influences on their resiliences.