Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Health-related Quality of Life among Female Students

Objective: To investigate prevalence of iron deficiency and examine the relationship between iron status and Health-related Quality of Life among female students.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Subjects and Setting: Data were collected from 543 female students, aged 17 to 38 years, attending University or secondary schools in Clermont-Ferrand (France) and its metropolitan area. Three groups were defined, according to the rate of serum ferritin: iron deficient (serum ferritin <15μg/L), iron depletion borderline (serum ferritin 15–20 μg/L), and iron replete (serum ferritin > 20 μg/L). Those 3 groups of menstruating female students were compared in terms of health-related quality of life using univariate analysis.

Measures of Outcome: Health-related Quality of Life based on SF-36 questionnaire, and iron status measured by serum ferritin.

Results: The prevalence of iron deficiency was 19.3 %, the prevalence of borderline iron status was 11.4 %. Regarding the SF-36 questionnaire, the only significant difference between iron deficient and iron replete female students concerned the dimension reflecting ‘general health', which was significantly lower in iron deficient group (p = 0.015).

Conclusion: Iron deficiency seems to impair the perceived general health in female students. Further research should be conducted on this little known subject.