Effects of Subchronic Manganese Chloride Exposure on Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) Tissues: Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defenses |
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Authors: | Diogo Gabriel Ana Paula K. Riffel Isabela A. Finamor Etiane M. H. Saccol Giovana M. Ourique Luis O. Goulart Daiani Kochhann Mauro A. Cunha Luciano O. Garcia Maria A. Pavanato Adalberto L. Val Bernardo Baldisserotto Susana F. Llesuy |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil 2. Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Manaus-AM, Brazil 3. Institute of Oceanography, Marine Station of Aquaculture, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande-RS, Brazil 4. Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract: | This study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress parameters in juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) exposed to 3.88 mg l?1 Mn2+ for 96 hours. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, as well as content of reduced glutathione (GSH), were analyzed in gill, liver, brain, and kidney. The presence of Mn2+ in the water corresponded to increased levels of Mn2+ accumulation according to the following sequence: gill > kidney > brain > liver. There was a significant increase in TBARS levels (40 %) and SOD activity (80 %) in addition to a significant decrease in GSH content (41 %) in gills of fish exposed to waterborne Mn2+. In hepatic tissue of the exposed animals, TBARS levels decreased significantly (35 %), whereas SOD (82 %) and GST activities (51 %) as well as GSH content (43 %) increased significantly. In brain of exposed juvenile fish, only significant decreases in SOD (32 %) and CAT activities (65 %) were observed. Moreover, the kidney of exposed fish showed a significant increase in TBARS levels (53 %) and a significant decrease in SOD activity (41 %) compared with the control. Thus, the changes in biomarkers of oxidative stress were different in the tissues, showing a specific toxicity of this metal to each organ. |
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