Cardiac adaptation to pregnancy in women with a history of preeclampsia and a subnormal plasma volume |
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Authors: | Andrietti Silvia Kruse Arnold-Jan Bekkers Sebastiaan C A M Sep Simone Spaanderman Marc Peeters Louis L H |
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Affiliation: | Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Maastricht (azM), Maastricht, Netherlands. |
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Abstract: | In former preeclamptics, a subnormal plasma volume (LPV) predisposes to hemodynamic maladaptation to pregnancy. Here, we assessed the initial cardiovascular response to pregnancy in LPV (n = 20), in former preeclamptics with normal plasma volume (NPV) (n = 35) and in parous controls (CONTR) (n = 9) by echocardiography, blood pressure and heart rate (HR), before pregnancy, and by 5 and 7 weeks amenorrhea. Data analysis was by nonparametric tests. LPV differed from NPV and CONTR, by a consistently lower E/A ratio (ratio of peak mitral flow velocity in early diastole [E] and that during atrial contraction [A]) and an early-pregnancy rise in left atrial diameter (LAD). Both NPV and LPV differed from CONTR by an early-pregnancy rise in HR. The consistently lower E/A ratio together with the early-pregnancy LAD rise in LPV indicate diastolic dysfunction. The early-pregnancy rise in HR suggests sympathetic dominance in the autonomic control of the circulation. |
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