微创撬拨复位植骨加外固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折

目的 采用外固定架加撬拨复位植骨治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折,并对其临床疗效进行初步评价. 方法 2005年9月-2007年5月,应用撬拨复位植骨加外固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折27例.男16例,女11例;年龄18～69岁,平均49.3岁.跌伤19例,坠落伤1例,交通伤6例,钝器打击伤1例.均为闭合新鲜骨折.骨折按AO分型C1型13例,C2型11例,C3型3例.术前掌倾角-38～10°,平均-12.2°;尺偏角6～30°,平均19.1°.伤后至手术时间1～3 d.术后评估腕关节功能及骨愈合状况. 结果 27例术后获随访4～24个月,平均13.1个月.均无钉道骨折或感染、支架移位、血管及桡神经损伤等并发症发生.按改良Mcbride评分,优10例,良13例,可3例,差1例,优良率85.2%.并发创伤性关节炎1例,腕关节僵硬1例.术后掌倾角0～20°,平均13.4°;尺偏角10～33°,平均22.1°.术后8～10周骨折愈合,平均9.3周. 结论 撬拨复位植骨加外固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折具有操作简便、复位满意的优点,有利于恢复腕关节正常解剖结构,降低创伤性关节炎的发生率.

LESS INVASIVE LEVERAGE REDUCTION WITH EXTERNAL FIXATOR SUPPORTED AND BONE GRAFT FOR TREATMENT OF UNSTABLE FRACTURES OF DISTAL RADIUS

OBJECTIVE: To assess the results of treatment of unstable distal radius fractures with leverage reduction and bone graft assisted by external fixators. METHODS: From September 2005 to May 2007, 27 cases of unstable distal radius fractures were treated by leverage reduction and bone graft, meanwhile assisted by external fixators. The cases included 16 males and 11 females, aged from 18 to 69 years with an average of 49.3 years. Fractures were caused by falling in 19 cases, crash from high place in 1 case, traffic accident in 6 cases, and obtuse strike directly in 1 case, which were all closed fresh bone fractures. According to the standard of AO, all cases were classified as type C1 in 13 cases, type C2 in 11 cases, and type C3 in 3 cases. The palmar inclinination was from -38 degrees to 10 degrees (mean -12.2 degrees); the ulnar deviation angle was from 6 degrees to 30 degrees (mean 19.1 degrees) before operations. The operations were performed from 1 to 3 days after injuries. The function of the carpal joints and the bone healing conditions were evaluated after operations. RESULTS: All cases were followed up for 4-24 months (mean 13.1 months). No complications such as pin loosening dislocation of fixators, injury of blood vessels and radial nerves, pin track infections occurred. According to Mcbride scoring, the results were excellent in 10 cases, good in 13 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, the excellent and good rate being 85.2%. One case had traumatic arthritis and 1 case had wrist joint stiffness. All achieved fractures uniton 8-10 weeks (mean 9.3 weeks) after operations. The palmar inclinination angle was from 0 degree to 20 degrees (mean 13.40 degrees); the ulnar deviation angle was from 10 degrees to 33 degrees (mean 22.1 degrees) after operations. CONCLUSION: Treatment of unstable fractures of the distal radius by use of leverage reduction and bone graft with external fixator offers many advantages, such as simple operation, satisfactory reduction, rigid fixation, excellent function and lower incidence rate of traumatic arthritis.