皮肤点刺、总IgE和EOS对儿童哮喘的诊断价值

目的评价标准皮试用变应原皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test,SPT)、血清总IgE(TIgE)测定及嗜酸性粒细胞计数(eosinophil count,EOS)在儿童哮喘临床诊断中的价值。方法收集2007-2010年在本院儿科门诊及住院部就诊怀疑哮喘的所有儿童,选取均检测SPT、TIgE、外周血EOS水平和肺功能的患儿549例,以临床标准(临床症状和肺功能)作为金标准最终确诊358例为哮喘(包括咳嗽变异型哮喘),191例为其他疾病,包括上呼吸道感染、肺炎、湿疹、荨麻疹、慢性咳嗽(非咳嗽变异性哮喘)、过敏性鼻炎、结核等。作出受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),确定诊断截断点(cut off points)TIgE为88 IU/ml,EOS为288×106个/L。结果应用非参数法估计儿童哮喘的3种检验方法曲线下面积:EOS为0.699(95%CI0.655～0.744),TIgE为0.827(95%CI0.793～0.862),SPT为0.806(95%CI0.766～0.847)。检验的灵敏度、特异度、正确率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值,TIgE分别是85.5%、64.7%、77.2%、77.9%、75.9%;SPT分别是87.5%、71.8%、81.6%、83.8%、77.5%;而EOS分别是77.5%、46.8%、61.9%、58.7%、68.1%;TIgE+SPT平行试验分别是81.4%、75.2%、79.6%、89.1%、61.8%;TIgE+SPT系列试验分别是94.2%、64.1%、79.2%、72.6%、91.6%。结论 TIgE与SPT的灵敏度、特异度、正确率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值相似,且均优于EOS,无论是平行试验还是系列试验,TIgE+SPT的组合均优于各组中的其他组合,TIgE+SPT的联合试验对变应性哮喘的诊断意义较大。

Diagnostic value of SPT,total IgE and EOS for childhood asthma

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value the skin prick test(SPT),serum total IgE and eosinophil count(EOS) in children with asthma.Methods A total of 549 children who were suspected to have asthma were subjected from March 2007 and June 2010.They were examined with SPT,serum total IgE test and eosinophil count(EOS).Using the clinical symptoms and pulmonary function tests as the Golden standard,358 cases had been diagnosed to suffer from asthma,and the other 191 cases had respiratory tract infection,pneum...