抗肿瘤药致不良反应473例分析

目的:考察抗肿瘤药致药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及规律,以指导临床合理用药。方法:收集2010年1月-2013年6月我院上报的473例抗肿瘤药致ADR报告,从患者的基本情况、涉及药品、给药途径、发生时间、ADR累及器官或系统及临床表现、治疗及转归等方面进行回顾性分析。结果:发生ADR的患者多为40岁以上的中老年人;ADR报告涉及抗肿瘤药8大类,其中顺铂居首位;涉及最多的给药途径为静脉滴注;ADR多发生在给药后1 d以内,累及11个器官或系统类型,以恶心、呕吐等消化道损害为主;多数ADR给予相应处理后能痊愈或好转。结论:临床应用抗肿瘤药时,应加强监护以减少ADR的发生,及时正确地处理以降低其危害,提高用药的安全性。

Analysis of 473 Cases of ADR Induced by Antineoplastics Drugs

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the characteristics and regularity of ADR induced by antineoplastics drugs in order to provide guidance for rational drug use. METHODS ： 473 reports of ADR caused by antineoplastics drugs in our hospital were col- lected during Jan. 2010-- Jun. 2013 and analyzed retrospectively in terms of patient＇s general information, drug varieties, route of administration, occurrence time, involved organs or system, clinical manifestation, treatment and prognosis. RESULTS： ADR of an- tineoplastics drugs mainly occurred in patients aged 40 years above; 8 classes of antineoplastics drugs were involved, among which cisplatin occupied the top; intravenous dripping was the main route of administration; most cases happened in one day after medica- tion; 11 organs or systems were involved in ADR, and gastrointestinal reaction such as nausea, vomiting took the largest share; most patients were improved or cured after given the appropriate treatment. CONCLUSIONS： Intensive care should be adopted to reduce the occurrence of ADR when antineoplastics drugs are applied; timely processing of ADR could reduce the harm and im- prove the safety of drug use.