三通喉罩用于气管异物取出术患者气道管理的效果

急诊或择期拟行气管异物取出术患者31例,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄4～68岁.体重10～79 kg.快速诱导全身麻醉下插入三通喉罩,三通喉罩的标准端口连接麻醉机或呼吸机,行机械通气.静脉输注异丙酚、维库溴铵及瑞芬太尼维持麻醉.于麻醉前5 min(T0)、插入三通喉罩通气即刻、3、5、10、15 min(T1-5)和术毕(T6)时记录SP、DP、HR和spO2,T1～6时记录VT、气道峰压(Ppeak)和PET CO2,T0,2～6时采集桡动脉血样行血气分析.从三通喉罩另一带有密封帽端口置入纤维支气管镜或带取物钳的窥镜,经声门进入气管行异物取出术.手术时间6～34 min,通气时间19～45 min;T1～6时SP、DP、HR、VT、Ppeak和PETCO2与T0时无差异,T2～6时SpO2明显升高;血气分析结果显示:三通喉罩通气后PCO2、PO2和O2sat明显改善;均于术后30 min内清醒并拔除喉罩;无误吸,无明显胃肠充气,无咽喉部水肿及损伤,1例患者苏醒期出现短时轻度躁动;术后均未见明显并发症.

Ventilatory efficiency of three-way laryngeal mask airway in tracheal foreign body removal

Three-way laryngeal mask airway (tLMA) was used in 31 patients aged 4-68 yr, weighing 10- 79 kg undergoing tracheal foreign body removal under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 3 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.12 mg/kg and remifentanil 0.4 μg/kg. tLMA was inserted. The patients were mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of propofol 2 mg . Kg-1 ? H-1, vecuronium 0.08 mg·kg-1·h-1 and remifentanil 0.15 μg·kg-1 ·min-1 . Radial artery was cannulated for BP monitoring and blood sampling. The operation time was 6-34 min and mechanical ventilation time 19-45 min. There was no significant change in SP, DP, HR, VT, Ppeak and Ppeak CO, during operation as compared with the baseline values before anesthesia. SpO2 was significantly increased at T2-6. PCO2, PO2 and O2sat were obviously improved after tLMA was used. All the patients emerged bom anesthesia within 30 min after operation. No aspiration, obvious gastrointestinal inflation, and pharyngeal and laryngeal edema and injury occurred. Mild agitation occurred in a short time during the recovery period in one patient. No complication occurred.