Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 for peri-implant bone regeneration: a case report

Background: Currently, clinicians have a limited treatment arsenal in the repair of peri‐implant defects. The aim of the present report is to present the clinical results of treating a dental implant using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)‐2 in an elderly patient. Methods: A 75‐year‐old man presented for routine dental prophylaxis. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed significant loss of attachment and bone loss around an implant replacing the maxillary left first molar. The patient did not report any symptoms, and the implant showed no signs of mobility. Because of the severity of the defect, regenerative treatment using a combination of rhBMP‐2 and freeze‐dried bone allograft was used. Results: The patient was followed for 80 weeks postoperatively. By 28 weeks, significant probing depth reduction and radiographic bone fill was observed, and the original implant crown was replaced. From 28 weeks postoperatively to 80 weeks, no significant clinical or radiographic changes were observed. Conclusions: rhBMP‐2 represents a potential therapeutic modality for severe peri‐implant hard tissue loss. Future studies should examine parameters, such as surgical technique, to maximize the rhBMP‐2‐driven regenerative outcomes.