颈椎手术患者佩戴颈托的护理效果观察

目的分析颈椎手术患者佩戴颈托的效果,为选择合理护理方案提供参考。方法将2011年9月~2013年12月拟进行择期颈椎前路手术的212例颈椎病患者作为观察对象,根据住院号随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组患者自入院时开始行佩戴颈托训练,每日6 h,并由主管护士对其进行护理指导;对照组则在术后开始佩戴颈托,比较两组患者术后佩戴颈托的舒适性主诉分级、住院天数、护理满意度及并发症情况。结果术后当日及第1、2、3日,观察组患者舒适性评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组住院天数较对照组短（P〈0.05）;观察组护理满意度为95.28%,对照组为82.08%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组患者并发症主要包括声音嘶哑、吞咽困难、痰液黏稠、咽喉疼痛,其中两组患者在声音嘶哑方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,其他并发症观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论颈椎手术患者术后佩戴颈托具有良好作用,有利于改善患者的负性心理,提高护理满意度,缩短住院时间。

Nursing effect of patients with cervical spine surgery wearing a cervical collar

Objective To analyze the effect of neck brace before surgery applications training for patients,and to pro- vide a reference for the selection of reasonable care programs. Methods From September 2011 to December 2013, se- lected 212 patients contemplated elective anterior cervical spine surgery as observed object, according to hospital num- ber they were randomly divided into observation group and control group, the observation group were admitted to hospi- tal since the start wearing neck brace after 6 h, and its care by the nurse in charge of guiding, the control group started wearing neck brace after surgery compared postoperative cervical collar worn comfort chief complaint classification, number of days of hospitalization, nursing satisfaction and complications were compared. Results On the day of surgery and afer 1,2,3 days, the comfort scores of the observation group were better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）; Hospital stay time of observation group was shorter than the control group （P〈0.05）; Nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 95.28%, the control group was 82.08%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）; Two main complications in patients included hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, sticky sputum, throat pain, including patients with no significant difference between the two groups in terms of hoarseness （P〉0.05）, other complications in the observation group were less than the control group, the difference were statistically significance （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Preoperative application of a cervical collar training to improve patient comfort and has a good role in helping to promote the psychological balance of patients, can improve nursing satisfaction, reduce the hospital time.