茂名市学龄前儿童孤独症筛查情况分析

目的:了解茂名市学龄前儿童孤独症的发病情况,为实施干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取茂名市17所幼儿园3～6岁在园的儿童,采用克氏孤独症行为量表和自拟影响因素问卷进行调查和评定。结果:共调查2 485例儿童,查出孤独症35例,患病率1.41%,病例男女比为6∶1。不同性别儿童患病率差异有明显统计学意义(P<0.01),不同年龄段儿童孤独症患病情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),孤独症儿童行为表现在克氏量表中出现率最高的前5位分别为:不愿与别人一起玩;听而不闻;避免视线的接触;对周围漠不关心;活动量过大。结论:学龄前儿童孤独症患病现状不可忽视,建议加强儿童孤独症的宣传工作,做好孕产期保健,开展儿童孤独症的筛查,做到早发现、早诊断、早干预,减少致残率。

Analysis of screening for autism in preschool children in Maoming

Objective:To understand the prevalence of preschool children with autism. Methods:Using cluster random sampling method,extracting the children aged 3～6 years old at 17 kindergartens in Maoming,adopt Clincy Autism Behavior Scale and the Specially formulated factors of the questionnaire to be investigated and assessed. Results:Survey of 2 485 children in total,35 cases diagnosed with autism,prevalence rate was 1.41%,cases of male to female ratio was 6∶1.There was a significant difference with different genders in the prevalence of children(P<0.01).The prevalence of autism was no significant difference(P>0.05) in children of different age groups.Behavior of autistic children appeared morely in the Clincy scale were not get along well with others,turn a deaf ear,as if deaf,avoid eye contact,on the surrounding indifference,hyperactivity. Conclusion:Disease status of preschool children with autism can not be ignored,suggestions to strengthen the publicity work of children with autism,make a good health care for pregnancy,to carry out the screening of children with autism,so that children can be early detection,early diagnosis and early intervention to reduce morbidity.