阿奇霉素治疗儿童呼吸道感染的疗效及安全性分析

目的:探讨阿奇霉素(AZM)治疗儿童呼吸道感染的疗效及安全性。方法:将140例急性细菌性呼吸道感染的患儿(年龄≤10岁)按照随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组各70例,观察组采用AZM治疗,对照组采用头孢呋辛钠治疗,观察2组患儿给药前后临床体征的变化、临床疗效及对各种致病菌的清除率和安全性。结果:观察组退热时间、咳嗽消失时间、气急消失时间及肺啰音消失时间均显著短于对照组(PP>0.05);观察组致病菌的清除率为85.7%,与对照组的80.6%差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。药敏试验结果显示,致病菌对AZM、头孢呋辛钠、红霉素、青霉素的敏感率分别为90.9%、87.9%、68.2%和45.5%。致病菌对AZM的敏感率与头孢呋辛钠差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均高于红霉素与青霉素(PP结论:AZM治疗儿童呼吸道感染的临床疗效好,安全性高,且具有疗程短、剂量小、抗菌谱广等优点,值得临床推广。

Curative effect and clinical safety of azithromycin in the treatment of respiratory tract infection in children

Objective:To explore the curative effects and clinical safety of azithromycin(AZM) in the treatment of respiratory tract infection in children. Methods:One hundred and forty children(age≤10 years old) with acute bacterial respiratory infection were randomly divided into the observation group and control group(70 cases each group) using random number method. The observation group and control group were treated with AZM and cefuroxime sodium,respectively. The change of the clinical signs before and after treatment,clinical curative effects,clearance of pathogens and clinical safety in two groups were recorded and compared. Results:The disappearance time of fever,cough,short breath and lung sound in observation group were significantly shorter than those of in control group(P<0. 01). The effective rates of the observation group and control group were 90. 0% and 87. 1%,respectively,the difference of which was not statistically significant(P>0. 05). The difference of the clearance rate of pathogenic bacteria between the observation group(85. 7%) and control group(80. 6%) was not statistically significant(P>0. 05). The drug susceptibility test results showed that the pathogen sensitive rates of AZM,cefuroxime sodium,erythromycin and penicillin were 90. 9%,87. 9%,68. 2% and 45. 5%, respectively. The difference of the pathogen sensitive rates between AZM and cefuroxime sodium was not statistically significant( P>0.05) while their pathogen sensitive rates were higher than those of erythromycin and penicillin(P <0. 05 and P <0. 01). The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group and control group were 7. 14% and 4. 29%,respectively. The blood routine,urine routine,liver and kidney function and electrocardiogram( ECG) in two groups were normal after treatment. Conclusions:The treatment of respiratory tract infection in children with azithromycin is good effects,short course,smaller dose and wider antimicrobial spectrum, and which is worthy of clinical promotion.