兰州市中学生干眼症患病率及危险因素分析

目的　探讨甘肃省兰州市中学生干眼症的患病率和危险因素。方法　2018年7月对甘肃省兰州市5所中学的学生进行了横断面调查。通过随机整群抽样获得所选36个班级的1503名学生。使用Schaumberg干眼调查问卷进行调查访谈。由两位经验丰富的眼科医师于访谈后进行眼科检查（一位医师进行视敏度检查，另一位医师进行裂隙灯检查）。计算干眼症的患病率，并评估干眼症与性别、近视、配戴隐形眼镜、屈光矫正不足、经常使用滴眼液、睡眠质量和压力状态之间的相关性。采用χ²检验和Logistic回归分析评估与干眼症相关的危险因素。结果　兰州市中学生干眼症的患病率为24.5％（363/1482）。363例干眼症患者最常报告的眼部刺激症状是视疲劳（303例，83.5％），其次是疼痛（166例，45.7％），视力模糊（134例，36.9％），眼部瘙痒（129例，35.5％），以及砂砾感（96例，26.4％）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，屈光矫正不足、经常使用滴眼液、睡眠质量差是干眼症的独立危险因素。结论　中学生干眼症患病率高且易被忽视，针对中学生干眼症危险因素的预防措施可能有助于降低干眼症患病率并对学生的眼健康产生积极影响。

Analysis on prevalence and risk factors of dry eye syndrome among middle school students in Lanzhou City

Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of dry eye syndrome(DES)among middle school students in Lanzhou City,Gansu Province.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among students from five middle schools in Lanzhou,Gansu Province in July 2018.Totally 1503 students from 36 classes were selected by random cluster sampling,and interviewed with Schaumberg dry eye questionnaire.An ophthalmic examination was performed by two experienced ophthalmologists(one for visual acuity test and the other for slit lamp examination).The results were used for calculating prevalence of DES and determining the correlation of DES with gender,myopia,wearing contact lenses,insufficient refractive correction,frequent use of eye drops,sleep quality and stress status.χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors associated with DES.Results The prevalence rate of DES was 24.5%(363/1482)among middle school students in Lanzhou.For these 363 patients with DES,the most common symptoms of eye irritation were visual fatigue(303 cases;83.5%),followed by eye pain(166 cases;45.7%),blurred vision(134 cases;36.9%),itching(129 cases;35.5%)and sense of friction(96 cases,26.4%).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that insufficient refractive correction,frequent use of eye drops and poor sleep quality were independent risk factors for DES.Conclusion The prevalence rate of DES is high among middle school students and easy to be ignored.Preventive measures for the risk factors of DES among middle school students may help to reduce the prevalence rate of DES and have a positive impact on the eye health of students.