失效模式和效应分析在缩短院前急救出车时间中的应用

目的:运用失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)对院前急救出车流程进行改进,以缩短院前急救出车时间。方法:根据FMEA方法,成立科室失效模式和效应分析小组,绘制院前急救出车流程,进行失效模式与潜在风险原因分析,计算优先风险指数(RPN),找出失效模式及相关原因,对需要优先解决的问题制订改进措施。结果:院前急救出车时间(指接受呼叫至救护车出诊时间)超过3 min的比例由实施FMEA模式管理前的33.2%下降到实施后的6.2%(P<0.05),院前急救出车时间潜在失效因素的风险优先指数(RPN值)由696.7降至49.4(P<0.05)。结论:将FMEA模式应用于院前急救出车流程管理,可缩短院前急救出车时间,提高院前急救出车效率。

Application of failure mode and effect analysis in shortening the time to dispatch ambulance in pre-hospital emergency service

Objective:to adopt the failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA) in order to improve dispatch process of ambulance in pre-hospital emergency service and shorten the dispatch time.Method:The failure mode and effects analysis group of the department was established according to FMEA method and the dispatch process was formulated and drawn.The failure mode and cause of potential risk were analyzed to calculate the risk priority number(RPN) and find out the failure mode and the related reasons so as to work out improvement measures.Results:The proportion of dispatch time over 3 minutes(from receiving the call to the ambulance visits) dropped to 6.2% from 33.2% since the FMEA management mode had been implemented(P<0.05);the RPN value dropped to 49.4 from 696.7(P<0.05).Conclusion:FMEA mode applied to dispatch process management in pre-hospital emergency service can shorten the dispatch time of ambulance and improve the efficiency of pre-hospital emergency service.