Behavioral comparisons in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Coordination Disorder: A systematic literature review |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, United States;2. Department of Physical Therapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, United States;3. Library, University of Texas at Arlington, United States;1. Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK;2. Psychological Medicine Unit, Chelsea and Westminister Hospital, UK;1. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada;3. Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Université de Montpellier I, Montpellier, France;1. California State University, Northridge, USA;2. California State University, Fullerton, USA;3. California State University, Long Beach, USA;4. Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. School of Sport Science, Exercise & Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia;2. School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom;3. Brain & Creativity Institute and Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, 3620A McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90089-2921, United States;4. Neurological Intervention & Imaging Service of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Ave, Nedlands 6009, Western Australia, Australia;5. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Roberts Rd., Subiaco 6008, Western Australia, Australia;1. Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK;2. Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are developmental disorders that, since the DSM-5, can be diagnosed as co-occurring conditions. While some recent studies suggest that ASD and DCD have similar traits, others show clear behavioral distinctions between the two conditions. By gathering all studies that included (1) an ASD group and a DCD group, (2) an ASD + DCD group and a DCD group, or (3) ASD, ASD + DCD, and DCD groups, we aimed to identify similarities and differences in behaviors between the two disorders.MethodWe used a systematic search of PubMed (1946 –), Scopus (1970 –), PsycINFO (via EBSCO, 1600 –), CINAHL (via EBSCO, 1937 –), SportDiscus (via EBSCO, 1985 –), and WorldCat (via FirstSearch) in addition to reference list and author name searching PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SportDiscus, and WorldCat to identify original studies that met the following criteria: (1) an ASD group and a DCD group, (2) an ASD + DCD group and a DCD group, or (3) ASD, ASD + DCD, and DCD groups.ResultsFrom the 1598 articles screened, 11 were included in the qualitative analysis. The articles included reported more differences than similarities in individuals with ASD and DCD, with clear distinctions for working memory ability, gestural performance, grip selection, and cortical thickness. Only two studies reported similarities in face processing abilities and perceived competence, and the interventional studies showed group similarities in behavior improvement, such as intelligence and attention.ConclusionsBased on the articles reviewed, we conclude that while DCD and ASD share some behavioral symptoms, the symptom profiles of each disorder are unique and separable. We recommend that the evaluation of potential DCD in individuals with ASD be performed systematically and thoroughly, so as to distinguish this co-occurring condition from sensorimotor symptoms associated with ASD. |
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| Keywords: | Autism Spectrum Disorder Developmental Coordination Disorder Behaviors Co-morbidities Co-occurrence Motor skills Systematic literature review |
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