Dose-response effects of exercise on behavioral health in children and adolescents |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, United States;2. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States;3. Manville School, Judge Baker Children''s Center, Boston, MA, United States;4. Boston University School of Social Work, Boston, MA, United States;5. Children''s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States;6. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;1. University of Vienna, Institute of Sport Science, Austria;2. Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic;1. Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;2. Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;3. The Miriam Hospital, Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Providence, RI, USA;1. Department of Sports and Leisure Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea;2. Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;1. Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA;2. Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;3. The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA;4. University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA;1. KU Leuven, Department of Kinesiology, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;2. KU Leuven, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | PurposeAerobic exercise may positively affect behavior in children but little research has been conducted among those with behavioral health disorders (BHD). This study is a secondary exploration of data originally collected from an RCT that tested effects of a cybercycling intervention on behavior in children with BHD. We examine dose-response relationships between duration and intensity of cybercycling and minutes of disciplinary time spent out of class (TOC) and self-regulation scores (SRS); additionally we examine potential effect modification by Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnosis.MethodsWe extracted data from study days on which participants (N = 103, 83.5% male, age 11.8 ± 2.3) cybercycled during physical education classes. Minutes of riding and average heart rate for each session were collected via the bicycles. The Conners Abbreviated Teacher Rating Scale (SRS) and minutes of TOC were recorded daily. Ride duration and average heart rate were treated as continuous predictors of outcomes using mixed-effects linear regression.ResultsFor every 10 min of riding, children had an associated decline of 10.7 min of TOC (p < 0.001) and 1.2 points improvement in self-regulation score (p = 0.001). For each increase of 10 beats per minute average heart rate children had an associated decline of 1.3 min (p = 0.05) and 0.21 points (p < 0.05). Children with ADHD experienced 12.9 min less time out of class (p < 0.05) for each 10 additional minutes of riding.ConclusionDuration in particular had significant, linear relationships with improved behavioral outcomes among children with a variety of BHD; children with ADHD may experience the greatest benefits. |
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| Keywords: | ADHD Heart rate Exercise duration |
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