Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Risk of Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study |
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| Authors: | George, Stephanie Materese Mayne, Susan T. Leitzmann, Michael F. Park, Yikyung Schatzkin, Arthur Flood, Andrew Hollenbeck, Albert Subar, Amy F. |
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| Affiliation: | Correspondence to Dr. Amy F. Subar, 6130 Executive Boulevard, MSC 7344, EPN 4005, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344 (e-mail: subara{at}mail.nih.gov). |
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| Abstract: | Previous studies have provided limited evidence for a harmfuleffect of high glycemic index and dietary glycemic load on cancer.The authors analyzed associations among glycemic index, glycemicload, and risk of cancer in women and men in the National Institutesof Health–AARP Diet and Health Study. Published glycemicindex values were assigned to 225 foods/food groups. Glycemicload was calculated by multiplying the glycemic index, carbohydratecontent, and intake frequency of individual foods reported ona food frequency questionnaire. From 1995 through 2003, theauthors identified 15,215 and 33,203 cancer cases in women andmen, respectively. Cox proportional hazards models were usedto estimate multivariate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals.For women and men, respectively, the relative risks for totalcancer for high versus low glycemic index were 1.03 (Ptrend= 0.217) and 1.04 (Ptrend = 0.012) and, for glycemic load, were0.90 (Ptrend = 0.024) and 0.93 (Ptrend = 0.01). Associationswith total cancer held only among the overweight for glycemicindex and among those of healthy weight for glycemic load. Thesefindings suggest that glycemic index and glycemic load are notstrong predictors of cancer incidence. The direction and smallmagnitude of associations might be explained by the manner inwhich high glycemic index and glycemic load track with overalldiet and lifestyle patterns. diet; glycemic index; neoplasms; prospective studies |
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