Surgical treatment of the severe thoracic gastrocutaneous fistula by pedicled muscle flap filling and thoracoplasty after oesophagectomy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A case report

Background: Thoracic anastomotic fistula (TAF) is a severe postoperative complication of oesophagectomy, and its occurrence coupled with a thoracic gastrocutaneous fistula (TGCF) and tracheostenosis is very unusual and may lead to a fatal consequence.Case presentation: We describe a case of an old female diagnosed with mid-oesophageal carcinoma, who presented with a TAF after oesophagectomy, which was healed by an effective treatment, while a severe TGCF and tracheostenosis appeared one month postoperation. The complications were detected by gastroscopy, barium oesophagogram and thoracic computed tomography (CT). Through surgical treatments, including pedicled muscle flap filling and thoracoplasty, and a correlated corrective procedure, the patient completely recovered and was discharged six months after the admission.Conclusion: Treatment by pedicled muscle flap filling and thoracoplasty after oesophagectomy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma can be a curative alternative for the severe thoracic gastrocutaneous fistula.