尼美舒利对二甲基苯并蒽诱导的乳腺癌的影响及机制的实验研究

目的探讨选择性环氧化酶-2(COX-2)抑制剂尼美舒利(NIM)对二甲基苯并蒽(DMBA)诱导的大鼠乳腺癌的影响及其作用机制。方法将76只大鼠随机分为致癌组(30只)、NIM组(30只)、饮食对照组(8只)及NIM药物对照组(8只),观察乳腺肿瘤诱发率。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应方法、蛋白印迹法测定每组肿瘤组织中COX-2mRNA含量及其蛋白表达水平;放射免疫法测定各组大鼠血浆、肿瘤组织中前列腺素E2(PGE2)含量;TUNEL法、增殖细胞核抗原分别检测凋亡和增殖指数。结果NIM组(40.3%)大鼠乳腺肿瘤发生率明显低于致癌组(69.2%);NIM组COX-2mRNA、蛋白水平较致癌组明显下调[A值:(0.21±0.05)vs.(0.46±0.12),P<0.05;(30.26±8.75)vs.(58.13±10.02),P<0.05],血浆、肿瘤组织中PGE2的含量显著降低[(233±59)pg/mlvs.(452±82)pg/ml,P<0.01;(167±42)pg/mg蛋白vs.(250±67)pg/mg蛋白,P<0.05];NIM组肿瘤细胞的增殖指数与致癌组相比下降[(20±5)vs.(36±5),P<0.01],凋亡指数明显增高[(43±13)vs.(18±7),P<0.01],差异有统计学意义。结论NIM通过下调COX-2的表达,抑制前列腺素的合成,抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖、诱导凋亡,降低DMBA诱发大鼠乳腺癌的发生率。

The effect of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor nimesulide on breast cancer induced by dimethylbenzoic acid in rats

Objective To study the effect of nimesulide (NIM) on the tumorigenesis of mammary tumors induced by dimethylbenzoic acid (DMBA), and to investigate possible mechanisms of NIM against tumors. Methods The studied rats were randomly divided into four groups: experimental control group, NIM group, diet and drug of NIM control group. The incidence of mammary tumor was observed. RT-PCR, Western blot were used to detect 8 carcerous tissues in every group, randomly. The expressions of cylooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were assessed by immunohistochemistry. The levels of prostaglandin E_2 (PGE_2) in blood plasm and tumor tissues were determined by means of radio-immunity assay. The apoptosis index and the proliferation index were evaluated by TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA), respectively. Results The incidence of mammary tumor was 69.2% in experimental control group, 40.3% in NIM group. There was obviously decreased incidence in NIM group; The expressions of COX-2 mRNA and protein were significantly down-regulated in NIM group compared with experimental control group. The increased levels of PGE_2 synthesis in blood plasm and tumor tissues were significantly decreased by administering NIM( P <0.05). The apoptosis index was obviously higher, the proliferation index was markedly less in NIM group than experimental control group. Conclusions Nimesulide could inhibit the tumorigenesis and development of DMBA-induced mammary tumors by inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. COX-2 and COX-2-mediated PGE_2 synthesis may play an important role in rat DMBA-induced breast cancer.