神经干细胞移植治疗研究进展

神经系统起源于胚胎神经管多能干细胞,而成人中枢神经系统内干细胞样前体细胞的发现为应用神经干细胞(NSCs)治疗各种神经系统疾病提供了前提条件。通过内源性NSCs增殖与迁移治疗各种神经元缺失疾病能力有限,而应用NSCs移植或有特定分化潜能的神经前体细胞移植治疗中枢神经系统损伤以及各种神经退行性疾病则可以促进患者神经功能恢复。目前,NSCs疗法所面临的主要问题是如何使NSCs定向分化替代特定功能的神经元,而NSCs疗法研究的热点是如何在分子水平调控NSCs的分化以及损伤区域NSCs的命运。

Progress of Transplantation of Neural Stem Cells (review)

Nervous system develops from multipotential stem cells of the embryonic neural tube.The discovery of cells of stem-like properties in the adult central nervous system(CNS)has provoked an intense search for ways to utilize their potential for treatments of multiple neurological disorders.Expansion and recruitment of endogenous progenitors may be limited in treating widespread cell loss in the adult CNS.Transplantation of neural stem cells(NSCs)or more restricted progenitors to replace cells lost to injury or disease may facilitate functional recovery in a spectrum of neurological disorders.A major challenge to the development of effective NSCs therapies is to direct the fate of the newly generated cells to specifically replace those lost to disease.The key to the effective treatment of NSCs is molecular regulation of the differentiation of NSCs and their progeny in areas of injury to the adult CNS,the fate of transplanted stem cells is also important.