临床产超广谱β-内酰胺酶细菌的耐药表型与基因型分析

目的 分析临床产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株的耐药表型与基因型的关系，指导临床合理应用抗生素，减少耐药菌株的出现。方法 选用TEM和SHV两种特异性引物扩增产ESBLs菌株质粒DNA，并对所有菌株进行药敏试验。结果 180株细菌中有68株产酶，ESBLs检出率37．78％，TEM型占81％，SHV型占29％。结论 ESBLs检出率较高，基因型一致，PCR技术是监控产ESBLs菌株爆发流行的好方法。

Analysis of ESBLs-producing bacteria of clinical isolates in gene type and phenotypic of drug resistance

Objective To investigate the relationship of gene type with drug resistance of ESBLs producing strains in clinical isolates for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics and to curb the spreading of drug resistance. Methods Two special primers TEM and SHV were selected to enlarge plasmids of ESBLs, ~Kirby -Bauer agar diffusion method was used to evaluate drug sensitivity for all the strains. Results The study revealed that 37.8% (68) of strains were considered ESBLs producers by phenotypic confirmatory test, TEM and SHV was 87% and 29%, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of ESBLs in clinical isolates was high and most of them belong to the same genotype. PCR is a good way to prevent and control the nosocomial infection of ESBLs-producing bacteria.