心肌桥和心肌桥近端合并严重动脉粥样硬化病变的介入治疗疗效观察

目的通过与心肌桥本身介入治疗疗效的比较,观察心肌桥近端血管严重动脉粥样硬化病变的介入治疗疗效。方法试验组选择心肌桥近端动脉粥样硬化并严重狭窄（≥70％）者28例（A组）,对照组选择有症状的单纯心肌桥改变且收缩期严重狭窄（≥195％）者16例（B组）和单纯前降支动脉粥样硬化严重狭窄（≥70％）者54例（C组）,应用普通冠状动脉支架介入治疗。结果三组均成功行介入手术,三组支架置入后的血管内径及支架长度比较差异无统计学意义。A组6个月内4例（14．3％）再狭窄,B组6个月内7例（43．7％）出现再狭窄,C组8例（14．8％）再狭窄,A组和c组的再狭窄率差异无统计学意义,但均显著低于B组（P〈0．05）。三组中再狭窄患者均再次接受介入治疗。结论心肌桥近端严重动脉粥样硬化病变的介入治疗疗效未受心肌桥近端异常血流动力学的影响。但心肌桥病变本身的介入治疗远期再狭窄率较高。

The evaluation on stent implantation efficacy of myocardial bridge and severe atherosclerosis lesions in the segments proximal to the myocardial bridge

OBJECTIVE: To assess long term stent implantation efficacy of myocardial bridge and severe atherosclerosis lesions in the segments proximal to the myocardial bridge. METHODS: The study population consisted of 3 groups (103 patients). Group A included 28 patients with severe atherosclerosis lesion of luminal narrowing of > or = 70% in the segments proximal to the myocardial bridge. Group B included 16 patients with symptomatic myocardial bridge lesion of systolic luminal narrowing of > or = 95%. Group C included 59 patients with severe atherosclerotic lesion of luminal narrowing of > or = 70%. All lesions were successfully treated with stent by standard interventional techniques. Quantitative coronary angiography was performed before and immediately after stent deployment. Follow-up Quantitative coronary angiography was performed at six months or later. Clinical evaluation was done at 20 months after PCI. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in luminal diameter and stent diameter among 3 groups immediately after stent implantation (P > 0.05). At six months, restenosis occurred in 4 patients in Group A (14.3%), in 7 patients in Group B (43.7%), and in 8 patients in Group C (14.8%), respectively. The rate of restenosis was significantly lower in group A and C than in group B (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between group A and C. Additional balloon dilating of stent were performed in all restenosis patients. Clinical evaluation at 20 months showed that all patients remained free of angina and cardiac events. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of intracoronary stent implantation in treating severe atherosclerosis lesion in the segments proximal to the myocardial bridge is not affected by abnormal haemodynamic changes of myocardial bridges. The rate of restenosis in intracoronary stent implantation of myocardial bridges is higher than that of atherosclerotic lesions in the segments proximal to myocardial bridge.