High and intermediate imperforate anus: psychosocial consequences among school-aged children |
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Authors: | Ojmyr-Joelsson Maria Nisell Margret Frenckner Björn Rydelius Per-Anders Christensson Kyllike |
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Institution: | a Division of Pediatric Surgery, Q2:03, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden b Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden c Reproductive and Perinatal Health Care, Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden d Department of Caring and Public Health Sciences, Mälardalens Högskola, S-631 05 Eskilstuna, Sweden |
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Abstract: | Background/PurposeImperforate anus is an unusual malformation, which, even after surgical intervention, usually entails constipation and fecal incontinence. This study aimed to evaluate ongoing psychosocial effects of this birth defect in school-aged children.MethodsTwenty-five children born with high and intermediate imperforate anus participated in the study, along with their parents and classroom teachers. One group of healthy children and 1 group of children with juvenile chronic arthritis, along with their parents, served as controls. Children and parents individually answered a questionnaire devised for this study. Parents filled out the Child Behavior Checklist and the children's teacher filled out the Teacher's Report Form.ResultsAccording to test results, children with imperforate anus were happy and optimistic. They liked school better and reported better relationships with schoolmates than the other children. The index group reported statistically significantly more frequent constipation. According to parental responses, the imperforate-anus children suffered from fecal incontinence and odor, as well as constipation (P < .001). Index-group parents reported on the Child Behavior Checklist that their children had more emotional and behavioral problems. On the Teacher's Report Form, teachers reported few problems for the same children.ConclusionsPatients with imperforate anus did not experience psychosocial impairment despite significant functional problems. |
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Keywords: | Imperforate anus Malformation Psychosocial Children Fecal incontinence Constipation |
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